Burr M L, Merrett T G, Dunstan F D, Maguire M J
Centre for Applied Public Health Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
Clin Exp Allergy. 1997 Nov;27(11):1247-53.
It is uncertain as to what extent the development of allergic disease in childhood is predictable during early infancy. A number of environmental factors have been suspected of increasing the risk of acquiring allergy, but the evidence is conflicting.
To observe the development of atopy and allergic disease in a cohort of high-risk children so as to determine the importance of certain environmental factors and to study the relationship between early and later manifestations.
A cohort of infants, all at high risk of allergy, was followed up from birth to the age of 7 years. In half, selected at random, cow's milk protein was avoided for 4 months. Skin-prick tests were performed and serum IgE measured in infancy and at 7 years, when an AlaTOP test was also performed.
Skin sensitivity to egg in the first year of life was strongly associated with eczema, asthma, mite sensitivity and serum IgE at the age of 7 years, when mother's atopic history was associated with AlaTOP status, father's atopic history with skin sensitivity, and male sex with both. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated positively with IgE at 3 months and negatively with skin sensitivity at 7 years. The development of allergy was unrelated to infant feeding method or number of older siblings.
Allergic disease in childhood is to a large degree determined before birth or during infancy.
儿童期过敏性疾病在婴儿早期的发展可预测程度尚不确定。一些环境因素被怀疑会增加患过敏症的风险，但证据相互矛盾。
观察一组高危儿童的特应性和过敏性疾病的发展，以确定某些环境因素的重要性，并研究早期和后期表现之间的关系。
对一组均有高过敏风险的婴儿从出生到7岁进行随访。随机选择一半婴儿，避免摄入牛奶蛋白4个月。在婴儿期和7岁时进行皮肤点刺试验并检测血清IgE，7岁时还进行AlaTOP试验。
1岁时对鸡蛋的皮肤敏感性与7岁时的湿疹、哮喘、螨虫敏感性和血清IgE密切相关，母亲的特应性病史与AlaTOP状态相关，父亲的特应性病史与皮肤敏感性相关，男性则与两者都相关。孕期母亲吸烟与3个月时的IgE呈正相关，与7岁时的皮肤敏感性呈负相关。过敏的发展与婴儿喂养方式或年长兄弟姐妹的数量无关。
儿童期过敏性疾病在很大程度上在出生前或婴儿期就已确定。
