Walters V, Charles N
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Soc Sci Med. 1997 Dec;45(11):1729-39. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(97)00105-6.
Data are presented from in-depth interviews with 35 women in an industrial town in South Wales, U.K., many of whom were from low income households. The research aimed to explore women's own concerns about their health and the ways in which health problems affected their lives. This paper focuses on one prominent theme in these interviews: unpredictability. In particular, women described how their lives had become less predictable and amenable to control as a result of health problems--epilepsy, asthma, ME, anxiety, nerves and panic attacks, for example. Women's accounts are used to show how they experienced these problems, how they influenced women's self-identity and the ways in which women struggled to cope with the dreadful uncertainty that characterized their days. They often hid these problems, and the privacy of this aspect of their lives is striking. The data are set within the context of class and gender relations which diminish women's control over their lives and erode their self-esteem and sense of autonomy. Class and gender combine with ill health to create the conditions for women's sense of unpredictability and powerlessness. They can aggravate and provoke the health problems women described: women spoke of the challenges they faced in their roles as wives and mothers, the problems associated with widowhood, the loss of their jobs, the impact of unemployment and their efforts to cope with severe financial problems. In part, these provided them with a framework for understanding the uncertainty, anxiety, nerves and panic they experienced.
本文数据来自对英国南威尔士一个工业城镇的35名女性进行的深度访谈,其中许多女性来自低收入家庭。该研究旨在探讨女性自身对健康的担忧,以及健康问题影响她们生活的方式。本文聚焦于这些访谈中一个突出的主题:不可预测性。具体而言,女性描述了由于健康问题,如癫痫、哮喘、肌痛性脑脊髓炎、焦虑症、神经紧张和惊恐发作等,她们的生活变得越来越难以预测且难以掌控。文中引用女性的叙述来说明她们如何经历这些问题,这些问题如何影响女性的自我认同,以及女性如何努力应对那些充斥着她们生活的可怕的不确定性。她们常常隐藏这些问题,她们生活中这方面的隐私令人瞩目。这些数据置于阶级和性别关系的背景之下,这种关系削弱了女性对自己生活的掌控,侵蚀了她们的自尊和自主感。阶级和性别与健康不佳共同作用,为女性带来了不可预测感和无力感。它们会加剧并引发女性所描述的健康问题:女性谈到了她们在妻子和母亲角色中面临的挑战、与守寡相关的问题、失去工作、失业的影响以及她们应对严重财务问题的努力。在某种程度上,这些为她们理解自己所经历的不确定性、焦虑、神经紧张和惊恐提供了一个框架。