Moore J S
Department of Occupational Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler 75710, USA.
J Occup Environ Med. 1997 Dec;39(12):1203-11. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199712000-00015.
Subject matter experts from 13 North American corporations provided detailed descriptions of the historical development and the current components and operations of their office ergonomics programs. Results were summarized across corporations and presented for the following programmatic topics: backgrounds of key people, initial awareness and preliminary needs assessment, program development, program implementation, program monitoring and evaluation, program components, education and training, workstation and job analysis, early identification of cases, case management, and alternate office environments. The subject matter experts also provided comments about the strengths of their programs, their advice to others, and lessons they learned. These observations suggested the need for an office ergonomics program, and possibly other occupational health programs, to fit into a corporation's culture and capitalize on its infrastructure. Most corporations used multidisciplinary task forces or teams to develop their programs. Communication, which included training, awareness, advertising, and feedback, was also an important issue. Flexibility and simplicity were important attributes of these programs. It is hoped that this descriptive information will be helpful to some occupational health managers interested in or concerned about managerial perspectives and skills related to the development and implementation of programs within their own corporations.
来自13家北美公司的主题专家详细描述了其办公室人体工程学计划的历史发展、当前组成部分及运作情况。对各公司的结果进行了总结，并针对以下计划主题进行了阐述：关键人员背景、初始意识和初步需求评估、计划制定、计划实施、计划监测与评估、计划组成部分、教育与培训、工作站及工作分析、病例早期识别、病例管理以及替代办公环境。主题专家还对其计划的优势、给他人的建议以及吸取的经验教训发表了看法。这些观察结果表明，办公室人体工程学计划以及可能的其他职业健康计划需要融入公司文化并利用其基础设施。大多数公司利用多学科特别工作组或团队来制定其计划。沟通，包括培训、意识提升、宣传和反馈，也是一个重要问题。灵活性和简单性是这些计划的重要特性。希望这些描述性信息能对一些对公司内部计划制定和实施相关管理视角及技能感兴趣或关注的职业健康管理人员有所帮助。
