Carlson K J
Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1997 Dec;40(4):939-46. doi: 10.1097/00003081-199712000-00029.
Recent randomized trials and prospective cohort studies have provided new information on the health outcomes of hysterectomy for nonmalignant conditions. These studies consistently have demonstrated a marked improvement in symptoms and quality of life during the early years after surgery. The long-term effects of premenopausal hysterectomy on ovarian function have not been established, but existing evidence suggests there is no adverse effect on risk for cardiovascular disease from hysterectomy alone. Epidemiologic studies have indicated that premenopausal hysterectomy with ovarian preservation is associated with a modest decrease in future risk for ovarian cancer and possibly breast cancer. There is no consistent evidence for adverse effects on bowel or bladder function. Hysterectomy does not cause long-term psychiatric morbidity, and psychological status generally improves. Studies of sexual function have shown varying results, with most suggesting improvement or no change in sexual function for the majority of women.
近期的随机试验和前瞻性队列研究提供了关于非恶性疾病子宫切除术健康结局的新信息。这些研究一致表明，术后早期症状和生活质量有显著改善。绝经前子宫切除术对卵巢功能的长期影响尚未明确，但现有证据表明，仅子宫切除术对心血管疾病风险没有不良影响。流行病学研究表明，保留卵巢的绝经前子宫切除术与未来卵巢癌和可能的乳腺癌风险适度降低有关。没有一致的证据表明对肠道或膀胱功能有不良影响。子宫切除术不会导致长期精神疾病，心理状态通常会改善。性功能研究结果各异，大多数表明大多数女性的性功能有所改善或没有变化。
