偏头痛相关性头晕和眩晕的药物治疗
Medical management of migraine-related dizziness and vertigo.
作者信息
Johnson G D
机构信息
Department of Otolaryngology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, USA.
出版信息
Laryngoscope. 1998 Jan;108(1 Pt 2):1-28. doi: 10.1097/00005537-199801001-00001.
Historically, review of migraine-related vestibular symptoms has focused on the various clinical presentations that occur and the results of diagnostic studies of vestibular function. Treatment of vestibular symptoms related to migraine has been proposed similar to that used for headache control, but few examples of the effectiveness of this therapy have been published. The purpose of this study is to present the various approaches that can be used to manage vestibular symptoms related to migraine, and to evaluate the overall effectiveness of these treatment approaches. This was a retrospective review of 89 patients diagnosed with migraine-related dizziness and vertigo. The character of vestibular symptoms, pattern of cochlear symptoms, results of auditory and vestibular tests, and comorbidity factors are presented. Treatment was individualized according to symptoms and comorbidity factors, and analyzed regarding effectiveness in control of the major vestibular symptoms of episodic vertigo, positional vertigo, and nonvertiginous dizziness. Medical management included dietary changes, medication, physical therapy, lifestyle adaptations, and acupuncture. Complete or substantial control of vestibular symptoms was achieved in 68 (92%) of 74 patients complaining of episodic vertigo; in 56 (89%) of 63 patients with positional vertigo; and 56 (86%) of 65 patients with non-vertiginous dizziness. Similarly, aural fullness was completely resolved or substantially improved in 34 (85%) of 40 patients; ear pain in 10 (63%) of 16 patients; and phonophobia in 17 (89%) of 19 patients. No patient reported worsened symptoms following medical management. The conflicting concept of a central disorder (migraine) as the cause of cochlear and vestibular dysfunction that often has peripheral features is discussed.
从历史上看,对偏头痛相关前庭症状的研究主要集中在出现的各种临床表现以及前庭功能诊断研究的结果上。对于与偏头痛相关的前庭症状的治疗,有人提出采用与控制头痛相似的方法,但关于这种疗法有效性的实例发表较少。本研究的目的是介绍可用于管理与偏头痛相关前庭症状的各种方法,并评估这些治疗方法的总体有效性。这是一项对89例被诊断为偏头痛相关头晕和眩晕患者的回顾性研究。文中呈现了前庭症状的特征、耳蜗症状的模式、听觉和前庭测试的结果以及合并症因素。治疗根据症状和合并症因素进行个体化,并分析其对发作性眩晕、位置性眩晕和非眩晕性头晕等主要前庭症状的控制效果。药物治疗包括饮食改变、药物治疗、物理治疗、生活方式调整和针灸。在74例主诉发作性眩晕的患者中,68例(92%)实现了前庭症状的完全或显著控制;在63例位置性眩晕患者中,56例(89%)实现了控制;在65例非眩晕性头晕患者中,56例(86%)实现了控制。同样,40例患者中的34例(85%)耳胀满感完全缓解或显著改善;16例患者中的10例(63%)耳痛得到缓解;19例患者中的17例(89%)恐声症得到缓解。没有患者报告药物治疗后症状恶化。文中还讨论了将中枢性疾病(偏头痛)视为通常具有外周特征的耳蜗和前庭功能障碍病因这一存在争议的概念。