Jaeschke H, Smith C W
Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, USA.
Am J Physiol. 1997 Dec;273(6):G1169-73. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1997.273.6.G1169.
Leukocytes, i.e., neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, can accumulate in the hepatic vasculature and contribute to the pathophysiology of various liver diseases. Recently, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the basic mechanisms of neutrophil infiltration and cytotoxicity in the liver. However, there are a substantial number of unresolved issues. This article describes the current knowledge and the gaps in our understanding of mechanisms of neutrophil sequestration in sinusoids and venules, adhesion to endothelial cells, and transmigration and adherence to parenchymal cells. From these data, it is clear that assumptions regarding the roles of adhesion molecules in the liver may be misleading if drawn from studies of peripheral vascular beds. Greater insight into these mechanisms is critical for the development of selective therapeutic strategies that attenuate excessive inflammatory responses without compromising the vital host defense.
白细胞，即中性粒细胞、单核细胞和淋巴细胞，可在肝血管系统中积聚，并参与各种肝脏疾病的病理生理过程。最近，在理解肝脏中中性粒细胞浸润和细胞毒性的基本机制方面取得了重大进展。然而，仍有大量未解决的问题。本文描述了目前我们对中性粒细胞在肝血窦和小静脉中滞留、与内皮细胞黏附、向实质细胞迁移和黏附机制的认识以及存在的差距。从这些数据可以清楚地看出，如果从外周血管床的研究得出关于肝脏中黏附分子作用的假设，可能会产生误导。更深入地了解这些机制对于开发选择性治疗策略至关重要，这些策略可减轻过度的炎症反应而不损害重要的宿主防御功能。
