Fenaughty A M, Fisher D G
Department of Psychology, University of Alaska, Anchorage 99508, USA.
Sex Transm Dis. 1998 Jan;25(1):38-43. doi: 10.1097/00007435-199801000-00008.
The purpose of this study was to develop a typology of drug users based on alcohol use variables and then determine the utility of this typology for predicting high-risk sexual behavior, controlling for the personality traits of sensation seeking and risk proneness.
A sample of 283 out-of-treatment drug users in Anchorage, Alaska, were interviewed regarding their alcohol and drug use, sexual behavior, sensation seeking, and risk proneness. The sample was 66% male; 44% white, 26% black, and 24% Native American; had a median age of 36 years; and a median monthly income of $500 to $999.
Cluster analyses of alcohol variables showed the presence of two clusters, one of which is characterized by relatively high alcohol consumption and early age of first alcohol use. This alcohol typology was significantly related to several sexual risk behaviors, including having sex with multiple partners without consistent condom use (chi 2(1) = 10.47, p < .01), having sex with an injection drug user (IDU) without consistent condom use (chi 2(1) = 4.87, p < .05), number of sex partners (t(281) = -2.16, p < .05), STD history (chi 2(1) = 7.86, p < .01), and having traded sex for drugs or money recently (chi 2(1) = 6.91, p < .01) or in one's lifetime (chi 2(1) = 9.20, p < .01). All but one of these associations remained significant after controlling for sensation seeking and risk proneness.
Among this sample of out-of-treatment drug users, a typology based on patterns of alcohol use was found to be associated with several measures of high-risk sexual behavior. Drug users who were classified as high risk on the basis of their lifetime and current alcohol use patterns were found to be significantly more likely than low-risk drug users to have engaged in risky sexual behavior. Risk proneness does not appear to account for this pattern of associations.
本研究的目的是基于饮酒变量建立吸毒者类型，然后确定该类型在预测高危性行为方面的效用，同时控制寻求刺激和冒险倾向的人格特质。
对阿拉斯加安克雷奇的283名未接受治疗的吸毒者进行了访谈，询问他们的饮酒和吸毒情况、性行为、寻求刺激和冒险倾向。样本中66%为男性；44%为白人，26%为黑人，24%为美国原住民；年龄中位数为36岁；月收入中位数为500至999美元。
对饮酒变量的聚类分析显示存在两个聚类，其中一个聚类的特征是饮酒量相对较高且首次饮酒年龄较早。这种饮酒类型与几种性风险行为显著相关，包括与多个性伴侣发生性行为且未始终使用避孕套（χ2(1)=10.47，p<.01）、与注射吸毒者发生性行为且未始终使用避孕套（χ2(1)=4.87，p<.05）、性伴侣数量（t(281)= -2.16，p<.05）、性传播疾病史（χ2(1)=7.86，p<.01）以及最近（χ2(1)=6.91，p<.01）或一生中（χ2(1)=9.20，p<.01）以性交易换取毒品或金钱。在控制寻求刺激和冒险倾向后，除一项外，所有这些关联仍然显著。
在这个未接受治疗的吸毒者样本中，发现基于饮酒模式的类型与几种高危性行为指标相关。根据其一生和当前饮酒模式被归类为高危的吸毒者比低危吸毒者更有可能从事危险性行为。冒险倾向似乎无法解释这种关联模式。
