Chandre F, Darriet F, Doannio J M, Rivière F, Pasteur N, Guillet P
ORSTOM Laboratoire de Lutte contre les Insectes Nuisibles, Montpellier, France.
J Med Entomol. 1997 Nov;34(6):664-71. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/34.6.664.
The distribution of organophosphate and carbamate resistance was investigated in 33 samples of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say from 25 cities in Côte d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso. Organophosphate resistance levels were higher in Côte d'Ivoire than in Burkina Faso. Chlorpyrifos resistance ratios at LC95 ranged from 4 to 30 times in Côte d'Ivoire and from 3 to 6 times in Burkina Faso. For temephos, ratios ranged from 3 to 18 and from 1 to 2, respectively. Of 27 samples from Côte d'Ivoire, 25 also displayed cross resistance to carbamates as shown by a mortality plateau in bioassays with propoxur and carbosulfan (similar to chlorpyrifos). Cross resistance to organophosphates and carbamates was caused by an insensitive acetylcholinesterase allele (AceR). This gene was absent from Burkina Faso, except in Niangoloko near the Côte d'Ivoire border. Organophosphate resistance also was associated with the presence of A2-B2 overproduced esterases which had higher frequencies in Côte d'Ivoire (75-100%) than in Burkina Faso (40-50%). Two other esterases with the same electrophoretic mobility as C2 from Puerto Rico and B1 from California were identified for the 1st time in West Africa. "C2" was widespread, whereas "B1" was present in only a few mosquitoes from Côte d'Ivoire. These differences in resistance patterns should be taken into consideration in planning urban mosquito control strategies within 2 countries.
对来自科特迪瓦和布基纳法索25个城市的33份致倦库蚊样本进行了有机磷和氨基甲酸酯抗性分布调查。科特迪瓦的有机磷抗性水平高于布基纳法索。在科特迪瓦，毒死蜱LC95抗性比率为4至30倍，在布基纳法索为3至6倍。对于双硫磷，比率分别为3至18倍和1至2倍。在科特迪瓦的27份样本中，有25份对氨基甲酸酯也表现出交叉抗性，这在残杀威和丁硫克百威生物测定中表现为死亡率平稳（类似于毒死蜱）。对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯的交叉抗性是由不敏感的乙酰胆碱酯酶等位基因（AceR）引起的。除了靠近科特迪瓦边境的尼奥洛科，该基因在布基纳法索不存在。有机磷抗性还与过量产生的A2 - B2酯酶的存在有关，这些酯酶在科特迪瓦的频率（75 - 100%）高于布基纳法索（40 - 50%）。在西非首次鉴定出另外两种与来自波多黎各的C2和来自加利福尼亚的B1具有相同电泳迁移率的酯酶。“C2”分布广泛，而“B1”仅在科特迪瓦的少数蚊子中存在。在规划这两个国家的城市蚊虫控制策略时，应考虑到这些抗性模式的差异。
