Meevootisom V, Niederpruem D J
Sabouraudia. 1979 Jun;17(2):91-106. doi: 10.1080/00362177985380141.
The production of proteases was investigated during growth of dermatophytic fungi with special emphasis on Trichophyton rubrum. Exogenous glucose suppressed elastase production in all dermatophytes examined. The production of protease active guinea pig hair in keratin-salts broth by Microsporum gypseum. Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum was also suppressed by glucose. Various carbohydrates added to keratin-salts broth curtailed protease production by T. rubrum as did individual amino acids but ammonium phosphate did not. Enzyme activities against guinea pig hair were compared in twenty-one diverse clinical isolates of T. rubrum cultured in keratin-salts broth. Activity also occurred towards casein, bovine serum albumin, keratin, collagen and elastin after keratin-growth. Studies concerning the properties of enzyme activities in culture filtrates of T. rubrum after keratin-growth suggested that multiple proteases occurred here. Hydrolysis of guinea pig hair and elastin were optimal at pH7 while keratinase was most active at alkaline pH. Divalent cations stimulated protease(s). Ferric ion and mercuric ion stimulated keratinase but were inhibitory to guinea pig hair hydrolysis and elastase. Chelating agents inhibited elastase and the hydrolysis of guinea pig hair more severely than keratinase and all of those effects were reversed by excess calcium. A serine-protease inhibitor, phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride (PMSF), curtailed keratinase but was less inhibitory to elastase and guinea pig hair hydrolysis. Soybean trypsin inhibitor arrested each protease.
在皮肤癣菌生长过程中对蛋白酶的产生进行了研究，特别着重于红色毛癣菌。外源性葡萄糖抑制了所有受试皮肤癣菌中弹性蛋白酶的产生。石膏样小孢子菌、须癣毛癣菌和红色毛癣菌在角蛋白盐肉汤中对豚鼠毛发有活性的蛋白酶产生也受到葡萄糖的抑制。添加到角蛋白盐肉汤中的各种碳水化合物以及单个氨基酸都减少了红色毛癣菌蛋白酶的产生，但磷酸铵没有这种作用。对在角蛋白盐肉汤中培养的21株不同临床分离株的红色毛癣菌针对豚鼠毛发的酶活性进行了比较。在角蛋白生长后，对酪蛋白、牛血清白蛋白、角蛋白、胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白也有活性。关于红色毛癣菌角蛋白生长后培养滤液中酶活性特性的研究表明，这里存在多种蛋白酶。豚鼠毛发和弹性蛋白的水解在pH7时最适宜，而角蛋白酶在碱性pH时最活跃。二价阳离子刺激蛋白酶。铁离子和汞离子刺激角蛋白酶，但对豚鼠毛发水解和弹性蛋白酶有抑制作用。螯合剂对弹性蛋白酶和豚鼠毛发水解的抑制作用比对角蛋白酶更严重，而所有这些作用都可被过量的钙逆转。一种丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂苯甲基磺酰氟（PMSF）减少了角蛋白酶的产生，但对弹性蛋白酶和豚鼠毛发水解的抑制作用较小。大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂抑制了每种蛋白酶。
