Ramsay G
Wolpert Polymers, Inc., Richmond, VA 23225-4636, USA.
Nat Biotechnol. 1998 Jan;16(1):40-4. doi: 10.1038/nbt0198-40.
The technology and applications of microarrays of immobilized DNA or oligonucleotides are reviewed. DNA arrays are fabricated by high-speed robotics on glass or nylon substrates, for which labeled probes are used to determine complementary binding allowing massively parallel gene expression and gene discovery studies. Oligonucleotide microarrays are fabricated either by in situ light-directed combinational synthesis or by conventional synthesis followed by immobilization on glass substrates. Sample DNA is amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and a fluorescent label is inserted and hybridized to the microarray. This technology has been successfully applied to the simultaneous expression of many thousands of genes and to large-scale gene discovery, as well as polymorphism screening and mapping of genomic DNA clones.
本文综述了固定化DNA或寡核苷酸微阵列的技术及应用。DNA阵列通过高速机器人技术制备在玻璃或尼龙基质上，使用标记探针来确定互补结合，从而进行大规模平行基因表达和基因发现研究。寡核苷酸微阵列可通过原位光导向组合合成或常规合成后固定在玻璃基质上制备。样品DNA通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增，插入荧光标记并与微阵列杂交。该技术已成功应用于数千个基因的同时表达、大规模基因发现，以及基因组DNA克隆的多态性筛选和定位。
