Tvinnereim H M, Eide R, Riise T, Wesenberg G R, Fosse G, Steinnes E
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Bergen, Norway.
Sci Total Environ. 1997 Nov 27;207(2-3):165-77. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(97)00263-5.
Lead is one of the most important and widely distributed pollutants in the environment. In the human population children are particularly at risk. Local dentists in all 19 counties in Norway collected 2746 primary teeth from 1990 to 1994. Tooth substance from whole, ground teeth were analyzed for lead concentration by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The geometrical mean for the entire material was 1.27 micrograms lead/g tooth substance (S.D. 1.87). The mean lead levels in each of the counties were significantly lower than those obtained in a corresponding study in the 1970s. Two counties, Oslo and Vest-Agder, had significantly higher lead levels than the majority of the other counties. Tooth lead concentration and atmospheric deposition of lead in the same areas were significantly and positively correlated, as shown by analysis of naturally growing moss. We conclude that lead concentrations in primary teeth from children in Norway have been reduced by approx. 50% from the 1970s to the 1990s. The reduction probably reflects a decrease in the environmental lead burden in Norway.
铅是环境中最重要且分布最广泛的污染物之一。在人群中，儿童尤其面临风险。1990年至1994年期间，挪威所有19个郡的当地牙医收集了2746颗乳牙。通过电热原子吸收分光光度法分析了完整磨碎牙齿的牙质中的铅浓度。整个样本的几何平均值为1.27微克铅/克牙质（标准差1.87）。每个郡的铅平均水平显著低于20世纪70年代相应研究中的水平。奥斯陆和西阿格德尔这两个郡的铅水平明显高于其他大多数郡。如对自然生长苔藓的分析所示，同一地区牙齿中的铅浓度与大气中铅的沉降量呈显著正相关。我们得出结论，从20世纪70年代到90年代，挪威儿童乳牙中的铅浓度大约降低了50%。这种降低可能反映了挪威环境铅负担的减少。
