Libben G
Department of Linguistics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Brain Lang. 1998 Jan;61(1):30-44. doi: 10.1006/brln.1997.1876.
The role of semantic transparency in morphological processing in general and in compound processing in particular is examined. It is argued that the notion of semantic transparency is crucial to an account of how compounds are represented and processed in the mind. A sketch of a model is proposed in which compound processing is described in terms of stimulus properties, lexical properties, and conceptual properties. The model represents the notion of semantic transparency in terms of a four-way classification of the semantic relationship between a compound's constituents and the corresponding independent morphemes. It also distinguishes between semantically componential and noncomponential compounds. It is proposed that the model offers a framework within which experimental psycholinguistic findings can be understood and within which aphasic deficits associated with compound processing can be characterized. As an example of this, the paper presents a reanalysis of an aphasic patient who exhibits the tendency to interpret semantically opaque compounds as though they were transparent and to interpret opaque compounds in terms of a blend of constituent and whole-word meaning. It is argued that the underlying deficit in this patient is the failure for inhibition to result from the competition among stimuli at the conceptual level of representation.
本文考察了语义透明度在一般形态加工，尤其是复合词加工中的作用。有人认为，语义透明度的概念对于解释复合词在大脑中是如何被表征和加工的至关重要。本文提出了一个模型框架，其中复合词加工是根据刺激属性、词汇属性和概念属性来描述的。该模型根据复合词成分与相应独立语素之间语义关系的四分法来表示语义透明度的概念。它还区分了语义成分性复合词和非成分性复合词。有人提出，该模型提供了一个框架，在这个框架内，实验心理语言学的研究结果能够得到理解，与复合词加工相关的失语症缺陷也能够得到描述。作为一个例子，本文对一位失语症患者进行了重新分析，该患者表现出将语义不透明的复合词当作透明词来解释的倾向，并且根据成分和整个词的意义混合来解释不透明复合词。有人认为，该患者潜在的缺陷在于，在概念表征层面上，刺激之间的竞争未能产生抑制作用。
