Kanne S M, Balota D A, Spieler D H, Faust M E
Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA.
Psychol Rev. 1998 Jan;105(1):174-87. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.105.1.174.
The J. D. Cohen, K. Dunbar, and J. L. McClelland (1990) model of Stroop task performance is used to model data from a study by D. H. Spielder, D. A. Balota, and M. E. Faust (1996). The results indicate that the model fails to capture overall differences between word reading and color naming latencies when set size is increased beyond 2 response alternatives. Further empirical evidence is presented that suggests that the influence of increasing response set size in Stroop task performance is to increase the difference between overall color naming and word reading, which is in direct opposition to the decrease produced by the Cohen et al. architecture. Although the Cohen et al. model provides a useful description of meaning-level interference effects, the qualitative differences between word reading and color naming preclude a model that uses identical architectures for each process, such as that of Cohen et al., to fully capture performance in the Stroop task.
J. D. 科恩、K. 邓巴和J. L. 麦克莱兰（1990）的斯特鲁普任务表现模型被用于对D. H. 斯皮尔德、D. A. 巴洛塔和M. E. 浮士德（1996）一项研究的数据进行建模。结果表明，当刺激集大小增加到超过2个反应选项时，该模型无法捕捉单词阅读和颜色命名潜伏期之间的总体差异。进一步的实证证据表明，在斯特鲁普任务表现中，增加反应集大小的影响是增加总体颜色命名和单词阅读之间的差异，这与科恩等人的架构所产生的减少情况直接相反。虽然科恩等人的模型对意义层面的干扰效应提供了有用的描述，但单词阅读和颜色命名之间的质的差异使得一个为每个过程使用相同架构（如科恩等人的架构）的模型无法完全捕捉斯特鲁普任务中的表现。
