Murphy J M, Kelleher K, Pagano M E, Stulp C, Nutting P A, Jellinek M S, Gardner W, Childs G E
Child Psychiatry Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.
J Fam Pract. 1998 Jan;46(1):54-64.
Our study examined whether the lack of social support as measured by the Family APGAR was related to parents' and physicians' identification of child psychosocial problems and sociodemographic and symptom characteristics of the children screened.
The parents of 9626 children, ages 4 to 15 years, seen for outpatient medical visits participated in this national study. Parents completed the Family APGAR and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC), a measure of psychosocial dysfunction. Physicians rated the presence of a new or recurrent psychosocial problem in the child.
Children from families with a lack of social support were 4.3 times as likely to receive scores indicating impairment on the PSC and 2.2 times as likely to be identified as having psychosocial problems by physician report. Families with low social support were significantly more likely to report low parental educational achievement, single parent status, and a history of mental health services for the child. Fifty percent of children from families with low social support were identified as having a psychosocial problem by either the PSC or physician rating, or both; however, only 21% of the children identified with psychosocial impairment by these two measures had scores indicating poor family functioning on the Family APGAR.
A lack of family social support is associated with child psychosocial dysfunction as assessed by two different measures. However, the Family APGAR was not a sensitive measure of child psychosocial problems, and thus it supplements, but does not replace, information concerning the child's overall psychosocial functioning.
我们的研究探讨了用家庭功能适应度评估量表（Family APGAR）衡量的社会支持缺失是否与父母及医生对儿童心理社会问题的识别以及被筛查儿童的社会人口学和症状特征相关。
9626名4至15岁因门诊就诊的儿童的父母参与了这项全国性研究。父母完成了家庭功能适应度评估量表和儿童心理社会功能障碍测量工具——儿童症状清单（PSC）。医生对儿童是否存在新的或复发的心理社会问题进行评分。
社会支持缺失家庭的儿童在儿童症状清单上获得表明功能受损分数的可能性是其他儿童的4.3倍，根据医生报告被认定有心理社会问题的可能性是其他儿童的2.2倍。社会支持水平低的家庭更有可能报告父母教育程度低、单亲家庭状况以及孩子有心理健康服务史。社会支持低的家庭中50%的儿童通过儿童症状清单或医生评分或两者被认定有心理社会问题；然而，通过这两种测量方法被认定有心理社会功能障碍的儿童中，只有21%在家庭功能适应度评估量表上的得分表明家庭功能不良。
根据两种不同测量方法评估得出，家庭社会支持缺失与儿童心理社会功能障碍相关。然而，家庭功能适应度评估量表并非儿童心理社会问题的敏感测量工具，因此它是对儿童整体心理社会功能信息的补充，而非替代。
