Peters J
Institut für Paläoanatomie, Domestikationsforschung und Geschichte der Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 1997 Nov;25(6):559-65.
Research on camel bones from archaeological excavations in North Africa and the Near East contradict the current opinion in textbooks that the dromedary and the Bactrian camel are domesticated forms derived from a single species, the two-humped wild camel (C. ferus). The probable ancestor of the domestic one-humped camel is Thomas' camel (C. thomasi). The wild dromedary was probably domesticated on the Arabian peninsula, perhaps as early as the 4th millennium BC. From the 2nd millennium BC onward there is evidence for the use of the one-humped camel for riding and transport purposes. Camel-keeping also implied the therapy of diseased animals, the main source of information about their treatment being medieval arabic texts dealing with veterinary medicine. An expert of such an early 13th century text is presented and discussed. From this it can be seen that the medieval camel treatment fits the principles of the so-called humoral theory, a medical concept which at that time already existed for more than 1500 years.
对来自北非和近东考古发掘的骆驼骨骼的研究与教科书中目前的观点相矛盾，即单峰骆驼和双峰骆驼是源自单一物种——双峰野生骆驼（C. ferus）的驯化形式。家养单峰骆驼的可能祖先是托马斯骆驼（C. thomasi）。野生单峰骆驼可能早在公元前4000年就在阿拉伯半岛被驯化了。从公元前2000年起，就有证据表明单峰骆驼被用于骑行和运输。饲养骆驼还意味着对患病动物进行治疗，关于其治疗的主要信息来源是中世纪处理兽医学的阿拉伯文本。一位13世纪早期文本的专家被介绍并讨论。由此可见，中世纪对骆驼的治疗符合所谓体液理论的原则，这是一个当时已经存在了1500多年的医学概念。
