Pamukcu A M, Price J M, Bryan G T
Vet Pathol. 1976;13(2):110-22. doi: 10.1177/030098587601300205.
Clinical and morphological characteristics of 139 naturally occurring and 20 braken-fern-induced urinary bladder tumors of cows were studied. Hematuria was prominent and occurred as early as 60 days after braken fern feeding began. Anemia and changes in leukocytes were late manifestations. Papillomas appeared as early as 1 year, whereas invasive carcinomas did not develop until 2.6 years after initiation of feeding. Twenty of 30 cows fed braken fern developed bladder tumors within 5.3 years. None of eight untreated control cows that lived 4 years or six that lived 10 years developed neoplasms. Naturally occurring and fern-induced bladder tumors were epithelial (35%) or mixed epithelial and stromal (55%). Papillomas occurred in 24% and carcinomas in 61% of naturally occurring cases, whereas there were papillomas (40%) and carcinomas (50%) in fern-fed cows. Naturally occurring tumors were metastatic to regional lymph nodes and lung. No metastases were detected in fern-fed cows.
对139例自然发生的和20例由蕨菜诱发的奶牛膀胱肿瘤的临床和形态学特征进行了研究。血尿很突出，早在开始喂食蕨菜60天后就出现了。贫血和白细胞变化是晚期表现。乳头状瘤最早在1年时出现，而浸润性癌直到开始喂食2.6年后才发生。30头喂食蕨菜的奶牛中有20头在5.3年内发生了膀胱肿瘤。8头存活4年的未治疗对照奶牛和6头存活10年的对照奶牛均未发生肿瘤。自然发生的和蕨菜诱发的膀胱肿瘤为上皮性（35%）或上皮和基质混合性（55%）。在自然发生的病例中，乳头状瘤占24%，癌占61%，而在喂食蕨菜的奶牛中，乳头状瘤占40%，癌占50%。自然发生的肿瘤转移至局部淋巴结和肺。在喂食蕨菜的奶牛中未检测到转移。
