Hollins S, Attard M T, von Fraunhofer N, McGuigan S, Sedgwick P
Department of Psychiatry of Disability, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1998 Jan;40(1):50-6.
Two thousand people with learning disabilities registered as service users in two London districts were followed up for 8 years to ascertain, in those who died, age and cause of death and significant associations with early death. Respiratory disease was documented as the leading cause of death in 52% of the study population compared with only 15% of males and 17% of females in the whole population. People with learning disabilities have an increased risk of early death. Although the majority of deaths (83%) in the whole population occur in people aged 65 years and over, less than 50% of deaths in the study population were in this age group, and the risk of dying before the age of 50 was 58 times higher than in England and Wales generally. Early death was significantly associated with cerebral palsy, incontinence, problems with mobility, and residence in hospital. Death certificates were not found to be a reliable source of data about factors contributing to cause of death, and learning disabilities were rarely mentioned. The authors recommend an extension to the current format of the Medical Certificate of Death to include recording of chronic disabling conditions.
对伦敦两个区登记在册的2000名有学习障碍的服务使用者进行了为期8年的随访，以确定死亡者的年龄、死因以及与早死的显著关联。在研究人群中，52%的死亡者死因记录为呼吸系统疾病，而在整个人口中，男性和女性因呼吸系统疾病死亡的比例分别仅为15%和17%。有学习障碍的人早死风险增加。虽然整个人口中大多数死亡（83%）发生在65岁及以上人群，但研究人群中不到50%的死亡者属于这个年龄组，50岁之前死亡的风险比英格兰和威尔士总体水平高58倍。早死与脑瘫、大小便失禁、行动不便以及住院有关。死亡证明并非确定死因相关因素的可靠数据来源，且很少提及学习障碍。作者建议扩展当前死亡医学证明的格式，以包括对慢性致残状况的记录。
