Bernard T, Giacomoni M, Gavarry O, Seymat M, Falgairette G
Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Activités Physiques et Sportives, U.F.R.S.T.A.P.S., Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1998;77(1-2):133-8. doi: 10.1007/s004210050311.
Time of day variations in maximal anaerobic leg exercise were studied in 23 men mean age 23 (SD 3) years. All the subjects performed two anaerobic tests (force-velocity and multi-jump tests) and those familiar with sprinting ran an additional 50-m dash (n = 16). The maximal anaerobic powers for cycling and jumping (Pcycling and Pjump) and maximal anaerobic velocity (vpeak) were performed consecutively in the same order for all tests. The force-velocity and force-power relationships were established to determine Pcycling. The flight time (tf) and the ground contact time (tc) were recorded from five consecutive jumps on a jump-ergometer to calculate Pjump. The vpeak was measured between the 35th and the 45th m during the dash-run. The test schedules were at 0900, 1400 and 1800 hours on separate days in random order. Rectal temperatures (Tre) and body mass (mb) were measured before each test. The Tre increased significantly from 0900 to 1800 hours (P < 0.001) but mb did not vary during the day (P > 0.05). The Pcycling and Pjump were higher at 1400 and 1800 hours than at 0900 hours. The differences between the morning and the afternoon reached 3% (P < 0.05) for Pcycling and 5%-7% for Pjump (P < 0.01). The time-of-day effect was significant for tf (P < 0.05) but not for tc. During the dash-run tests, the differences almost reached significance for vpeak between 0900 and 1800 hours (P = 0.0544). No significant variations were observed between 1400 and 1800 hours for cycling, jumping and running tests. A time-of-day effect in the maximal anaerobic power of cycle and multi-jump tests existed. Such variations would have pronounced effects when expressed in competitions.
对23名平均年龄23（标准差3）岁的男性进行了腿部最大无氧运动的日变化研究。所有受试者进行了两项无氧测试（力量-速度和多级跳测试），熟悉短跑的人还额外进行了一次50米短跑（n = 16）。在所有测试中，以相同顺序连续进行自行车骑行和跳跃的最大无氧功率（Pcycling和Pjump）以及最大无氧速度（vpeak）测试。建立力量-速度和力量-功率关系以确定Pcycling。在跳跃功率计上连续进行五次跳跃，记录飞行时间（tf）和地面接触时间（tc），以计算Pjump。在短跑过程中，在第35米至第45米之间测量vpeak。测试时间表为在不同日期的09:00、14:00和18:00，顺序随机。在每次测试前测量直肠温度（Tre）和体重（mb）。Tre从09:00到18:00显著升高（P < 0.001），但mb在一天中没有变化（P > 0.05）。Pcycling和Pjump在14:00和18:00时高于09:00时。上午和下午之间，Pcycling的差异达到3%（P < 0.05），Pjump的差异达到5%-7%（P < 0.01）。日变化对tf有显著影响（P < 0.05），但对tc没有影响。在短跑测试中，09:00和18:00之间vpeak的差异几乎达到显著水平（P = 0.0544）。在14:00和18:00之间，自行车骑行、跳跃和跑步测试未观察到显著差异。自行车骑行和多级跳测试的最大无氧功率存在日变化效应。在比赛中表现出来时，这种变化会产生显著影响。
