Haidinger G, Waldhoer T, Vutuc C
Department of Epidemiology, University of Vienna, Austria.
Prev Med. 1998 Jan-Feb;27(1):50-5. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1997.0234.
A population-based cross-sectional study was performed to assess smoking prevalence in Austria and to compare the results with data from 1986.
A representative sample of Austrians (n = 2,400) who in 1995 were > or = 15 years of age was obtained. A total of 2,065 respondents were interviewed about their smoking habits.
Approximately 31% of the population age > or = 15 are regular cigarette smokers, 12% are former smokers, 6% smoke occasionally, and 51% have never smoked. Among males, the prevalence of regular smoking increases with age and reaches its highest level between the ages of 25 and 34. The age distribution among female regular smokers shows a similar pattern, peaking in the same age group (35.7% smokers). No significant differences in smoking prevalence were found according to monthly household income, years of school, and number of inhabitants at place of residence. At the time of interview 45.7% of male and 20.9% of female regular smokers consumed > 20 cigarettes per day. Compared with data from 1986 the prevalence of regular smokers increased from 18.1 to 24.2% among females and from 35.5 to 38.9% among males.
Smoking prevalence increased in Austria between 1986 and 1995 by 33.7% among females and by 9.6% among males. Patterns of smoking among females (prevalence and cigarettes per day) are approaching those of males.
开展了一项基于人群的横断面研究，以评估奥地利的吸烟率，并将结果与1986年的数据进行比较。
选取了1995年年龄在15岁及以上的具有代表性的奥地利人样本（n = 2400）。共对2065名受访者进行了吸烟习惯方面的访谈。
年龄在15岁及以上的人群中，约31%为经常吸烟者，12%为曾经吸烟者，6%偶尔吸烟，51%从未吸烟。在男性中，经常吸烟的比例随年龄增长而增加，在25至34岁之间达到最高水平。女性经常吸烟者的年龄分布呈现类似模式，在同一年龄组达到峰值（吸烟者占35.7%）。根据家庭月收入、受教育年限和居住地居民数量，未发现吸烟率有显著差异。在访谈时，45.7%的男性和20.9%的女性经常吸烟者每天吸烟超过20支。与1986年的数据相比，经常吸烟者的比例在女性中从18.1%增至24.2%，在男性中从35.5%增至38.9%。
1986年至1995年间，奥地利的吸烟率女性上升了33.7%，男性上升了9.6%。女性的吸烟模式（吸烟率和每日吸烟量）正接近男性。
