Weavers R, Foster T M, Temple W
Department of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1998 Jan;69(1):77-85. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1998.69-77.
Five domestic hens were exposed to a delayed matching-to-sample task. Conditions 1, 5, and 8 were variable-delay conditions in which five delays (0.25, 1, 2, 4, and 8 s) from the red or green sample to the presentation of the red and green comparison stimuli were presented a number of times during each session. In the fixed-delay condition (Condition 3), each delay was presented for 15 sessions under a Latin square design across birds. When improvements in accuracy across the variable-delay conditions are taken into account, the data were similar under both the variable and fixed delays. In Conditions 2, 4, 6, and 7 sample-reinforcer intervals were held at 8, 8, 4, and 2 s, respectively, while sample-choice intervals were varied within these during each session. With increasing sample-reinforcer interval, both initial discriminability (i.e., with sample-choice delay = 0) and rate of decrement in discriminability decreased. Although the former would be predicted if accuracy depends of the average sample-reinforcer interval, the latter would not. These data show that increasing the sample-choice interval had less effect on matching accuracy than increasing the sample-reinforcer interval did.
五只家鸡接受了延迟样本匹配任务。条件1、5和8是可变延迟条件，在每个实验环节中，红色或绿色样本与红色和绿色比较刺激呈现之间的五个延迟（0.25、1、2、4和8秒）会多次出现。在固定延迟条件（条件3）下，按照拉丁方设计，每只鸡在每个延迟条件下进行15个实验环节。考虑到可变延迟条件下准确性的提高，可变延迟和固定延迟下的数据相似。在条件2、4、6和7中，样本-强化物间隔分别保持在8、8、4和2秒，而在每个实验环节中，样本-选择间隔在这些值范围内变化。随着样本-强化物间隔的增加，初始辨别力（即样本-选择延迟 = 0时）和辨别力下降率均降低。虽然如果准确性取决于平均样本-强化物间隔，可以预测前者，但无法预测后者。这些数据表明，增加样本-选择间隔对匹配准确性的影响小于增加样本-强化物间隔的影响。
