Malaovalla A M, Silverman S, Mani N J, Bilimoria K F, Smith L W
Cancer. 1976 Apr;37(4):1882-6. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197604)37:4<1882::aid-cncr2820370437>3.0.co;2-2.
In Gujarat, India, 57,518 industrial workers over 35 years old were examined for oral lesions. At a two-year interval, 43,654 workers were re-examined. Biopsies were taken from 13,223 lesions. In the initial examination, 29 oral cancers were diagnosed, representing a prevalence rate of 50/100,000. After two years, 22 new oral cancers were diagnosed, representing an incidence rate of 25/100,000 per year. Over 90% were squamous carcinomas, with the majority of lesions occurring in the oropharynx and tongue. All patients who developed squamous carcinomas had tobacco habits, while 85% of the entire study population had oral habits in some form. Their most common habits were smoking tobacco alone or in combination with chewing "pan"/"supari." Of the carcinomas that developed during a two-year interval, 62% appeared in previously normal appearing mucosa. Leukoplakia was the only oral lesion that proved to be precancerous, with a transformation rate of 0.13% in a two-year interval.
在印度古吉拉特邦，对57518名35岁以上的产业工人进行了口腔病变检查。每隔两年，对43654名工人进行复查。从13223处病变部位取了活检样本。在初次检查中，诊断出29例口腔癌，患病率为50/100000。两年后，诊断出22例新增口腔癌，发病率为每年25/100000。超过90%为鳞状细胞癌，大多数病变发生在口咽和舌部。所有患鳞状细胞癌的患者都有吸烟习惯，而整个研究人群中85%有某种形式的口腔习惯。他们最常见的习惯是单独吸烟或与嚼“槟榔”/“蒌叶”一起。在两年期间发生的癌症中，62%出现在之前看似正常的黏膜部位。白斑是唯一被证明为癌前病变的口腔病变，两年期间的转化率为0.13%。
