Bowden E M
Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
Conscious Cogn. 1997 Dec;6(4):545-73. doi: 10.1006/ccog.1997.0325.
Two experiments examine the effects of unreportable hints on anagram solving performance and on solvers' subjective experience of insight. In Experiment 1, after seeing a hint (unrelated, semantically related, or the solution) presented too briefly to identify, participants solved anagrams preceded by the solution fastest and solved anagrams preceded by unrelated hints slowest. Participants' "warmth" ratings for solution hints were more insight-like than those for unrelated hints. In Experiment 2 a hint, or no hint, was presented at one of three different exposure durations (undetectable, unreportable, or reportable). Participants benefited from solution-relevant hints that were either unreportable or reportable, but showed a cost only for unrelated hints that were reportable. Participants' ratings of their insight experiences showed that unreportable solution and semantically related hints produced more insight-like experiences than did unrelated hints. The results suggest that unreportable processing of solution-related information is important for the insight experience.
两项实验研究了无法报告的提示对字谜解决表现以及解谜者洞察力主观体验的影响。在实验1中，参与者在看到一个呈现时间过短而无法识别的提示（无关提示、语义相关提示或答案）后，解由答案前置的字谜速度最快，解由无关提示前置的字谜速度最慢。参与者对答案提示的“热度”评分比无关提示更具洞察力特征。在实验2中，在三种不同的呈现时长（不可察觉、无法报告或可报告）之一呈现一个提示或不呈现提示。参与者从与答案相关的无法报告或可报告的提示中受益，但仅在可报告的无关提示上表现出成本。参与者对其洞察力体验的评分表明，无法报告的答案和语义相关提示比无关提示产生了更具洞察力特征的体验。结果表明，对与答案相关信息的无法报告的加工对洞察力体验很重要。
