Hagberg C, Larson O, Milerad J
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1998 Jan;35(1):40-5. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0040_ioclap_2.3.co_2.
Children with cleft lip and/or palate (n = 251) born between 1991 and 1995 in the county of Stockholm, Sweden, were studied with reference to incidence and rate ratios (RRs) of different types of clefts, gender, birth weight, mother's age, and length of pregnancy. Children who had clefts and additional malformations were compared with children who had clefts but no additional malformations.
The incidence of clefts was 2.0/1000 live births, and it was higher among males than among females. The RR, an index of relative risk, was 1.58. The main groups, children with isolated cleft lip, children with cleft lip and palate, and children with isolated cleft palate, showed similar incidence values (0.6-0.7/1000 live births). Children with bilateral clefts had an incidence of 0.3/1000 live births. Additional malformations were found in approximately every sixth newborn with a cleft when children with Robin sequence were excluded. There was a tendency for newborns with bilateral clefts to have additional malformations (RR = 1.36; confidence interval = 0.74-2.49). Children with clefts and additional malformations had lower birth weight and were born earlier than children with clefts only.
Preterm cleft children with low birth weight should be screened for the presence of other birth defects.
对1991年至1995年在瑞典斯德哥尔摩县出生的唇裂和/或腭裂患儿（n = 251）进行研究，涉及不同类型腭裂的发病率和率比（RRs）、性别、出生体重、母亲年龄和孕期长度。将患有腭裂及其他畸形的患儿与仅患有腭裂但无其他畸形的患儿进行比较。
腭裂的发病率为2.0/1000活产，男性高于女性。RR（相对风险指数）为1.58。主要组别，即单纯唇裂患儿、唇腭裂患儿和单纯腭裂患儿，发病率相近（0.6 - 0.7/1000活产）。双侧腭裂患儿的发病率为0.3/1000活产。排除患有罗宾序列征的患儿后，约每六分之一患有腭裂的新生儿存在其他畸形。双侧腭裂新生儿有出现其他畸形的倾向（RR = 1.36；置信区间 = 0.74 - 2.49）。患有腭裂及其他畸形的患儿出生体重较低，且比仅患有腭裂的患儿出生更早。
低出生体重的早产腭裂患儿应筛查是否存在其他出生缺陷。
