Crawford M W, Lerman J, Sloan M H, Sikich N, Halpern L, Bissonnette B
Department of Anaesthesia, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Paediatr Anaesth. 1998;8(1):49-54. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.1998.00708.x.
Few studies have examined whether nitrous oxide influences the recovery characteristics of propofol anaesthesia. The present study examined the effect of nitrous oxide on the recovery characteristics of propofol anaesthesia, and compared these data with those for halothane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia. Sixty children aged 3-12 years were assigned at random to receive one of three maintenance regimens: propofol with or without nitrous oxide (70%) or halothane/nitrous oxide (70%). During propofol/N2O anaesthesia, the infusion rate of propofol (180 +/- 39 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) required to maintain the mean arterial pressure and heart rate within 20% of the baseline values was significantly less than that during propofol/O2 (220 +/- 37 micrograms.kg-1.min-1; P < 0.005). The time from discontinuation of anaesthesia to eye-opening (11 +/- 6 min), to response to commands (12 +/- 6 min), and to return of full wakefulness (21 +/- 10 min) after propofol/N2O were similar to those after propofol/O2, but significantly less (by approximately 30%) than those after halothane (P < 0.05). The overall incidence of emesis after propofol/N2O (53%) was greater than that after propofol/O2 (17%, P < 0.05) and comparable to that after halothane/N2O (58%). These data suggest that N2O has little effect on the rate of recovery after propofol, but significantly increases the incidence of postoperative emesis, thereby attenuating one of the main attributes of propofol anaesthesia.
很少有研究探讨氧化亚氮是否会影响丙泊酚麻醉的恢复特性。本研究检测了氧化亚氮对丙泊酚麻醉恢复特性的影响，并将这些数据与氟烷/氧化亚氮麻醉的数据进行了比较。60名3至12岁的儿童被随机分配接受三种维持方案之一：含或不含氧化亚氮（70%）的丙泊酚，或氟烷/氧化亚氮（70%）。在丙泊酚/氧化亚氮麻醉期间，将平均动脉压和心率维持在基线值的20%以内所需的丙泊酚输注速率（180±39微克·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹）显著低于丙泊酚/氧气麻醉期间（220±37微克·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹；P<0.005）。丙泊酚/氧化亚氮麻醉后从停止麻醉到睁眼（11±6分钟）、对指令有反应（12±6分钟）以及完全清醒（21±10分钟）的时间与丙泊酚/氧气麻醉后相似，但明显短于氟烷麻醉后（约短30%，P<0.05）。丙泊酚/氧化亚氮麻醉后呕吐的总体发生率（53%）高于丙泊酚/氧气麻醉后（17%，P<0.05），与氟烷/氧化亚氮麻醉后（58%）相当。这些数据表明，氧化亚氮对丙泊酚麻醉后的恢复速率影响不大，但会显著增加术后呕吐的发生率，从而削弱了丙泊酚麻醉的一个主要优点。
