Morton N S, Oomen G J
Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.
Paediatr Anaesth. 1998;8(1):65-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.1998.00688.x.
A protocol was developed for children undergoing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures under sedation to try to raise the standards of patient selection, preparation, monitoring and management to those of children undergoing general anaesthesia. The principles underlying the protocol design were that informed consent should be obtained; fasting guidelines as for general anaesthesia should be implemented; contraindications to sedation should be actively sought; monitoring should be commenced from the time of administration of sedation until recovery and should be maintained during patient transport; personnel trained in monitoring and resuscitation of children should have as their sole duty the monitoring of the sedated child and should not take part in the procedure; the minimum monitoring standard should comprise regular assessments of the level of sedation, oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry, respiratory rate and pulse rate supplemented by temperature, ECG and blood pressure for infants, for prolonged procedures or where verbal contact with the child is lost.
针对在镇静状态下接受诊断和治疗程序的儿童制定了一项方案，旨在将患者选择、准备、监测和管理的标准提高到接受全身麻醉儿童的水平。该方案设计所依据的原则是：应获得知情同意；应执行与全身麻醉相同的禁食指南；应积极寻找镇静的禁忌症；监测应从给予镇静剂之时开始，直至恢复，并应在患者转运期间持续进行；接受儿童监测和复苏培训的人员应有监测镇静儿童的唯一职责，不应参与操作；最低监测标准应包括定期评估镇静水平、通过脉搏血氧饱和度仪测定的血氧饱和度、呼吸频率和脉搏率，对于婴儿、长时间操作或与儿童失去语言交流的情况，还应补充体温、心电图和血压监测。
