Schneider P B, Martini P, Meylan D
Schweiz Arch Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr. 1976;118(2):307-55.
The authors have treated the subsequent lives of 372 suicide attempters and have made a new follow-up study 28 to 35 years after the suicide attempt. They reveal a general excess deathrate in this sample of medical, surgical and psychiatric clinic patients, and a considerable excess deathrate by suicide as compared with the population as a whole. These two types of excess deathrate persist throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions on suicide prevention are drawn from the results. After describing the three main groups of dead, deceased by suicide, and living subjects, the authors compare those deceased by suicide with those deceased from other causes, and those deceased by suicide with subjects of the other two groups in search of possible group characteristics of potential predictive value. The results of this analysis are somewhat disappointing; discussion of the research leads to criticism of the contradictory results obtained by previous studies in this field. Analysis of subjects still alive at the close of the follow-up period shows that their psychopathological evolution is relatively favourable, with the exception of a group of patients identifiable by a set of distinctive negative factors.
作者对372名自杀未遂者的后续生活进行了研究，并在自杀未遂28至35年后进行了一项新的随访研究。他们发现，在这个医学、外科和精神科门诊患者样本中，总体死亡率偏高，与整个人口相比，自杀死亡率相当高。这两种类型的高死亡率在整个随访期间持续存在。研究结果得出了关于自杀预防的结论。在描述了死亡、自杀死亡和存活受试者这三个主要群体后，作者将自杀死亡者与其他原因死亡者进行了比较，并将自杀死亡者与其他两组受试者进行了比较，以寻找可能具有潜在预测价值的群体特征。这一分析结果有些令人失望；对该研究的讨论引发了对该领域先前研究所得出的相互矛盾结果的批评。对随访期结束时仍存活的受试者的分析表明，除了一组可通过一系列独特的负面因素识别的患者外，他们的精神病理演变相对良好。
