Simons-Morton B G, Cummings S S
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
J Drug Educ. 1997;27(4):321-33. doi: 10.2190/2RJA-22Y1-R15T-ULM8.
Point of purchase interventions by beverage alcohol servers provide one promising approach to preventing drinking and driving and many communities now support such programs. To evaluate the impact of a designated driver and responsible server program in Houston, we assessed server training courses, observed and interviewed servers and patrons at five establishments participating in the program, and reviewed the distribution of vouchers awarded for a safe ride home by taxi. The training course for alcoholic beverage servers produced significant improvements in the participants' perceptions about their role in preventing drunk driving. In five participating establishments 15.6 percent of servers wore buttons announcing the establishment's participation in the program; immediately after retraining 26.6 percent wore the buttons. Of the eligible patrons in these establishments 6.6 percent actually participated in the designated driver program. The program provided an average of 0.7 safe ride home vouchers per establishment per month. In one additional establishment an experiment was conducted in which servers always announced the designated driver program to patrons, but no increase in the prevalence of designated drivers occurred.
酒精饮料服务员在购买点进行干预，是预防酒后驾车的一种很有前景的方法，现在许多社区都支持此类项目。为评估休斯顿一项指定司机和责任服务员项目的影响，我们评估了服务员培训课程，观察并采访了参与该项目的五家场所的服务员和顾客，还查看了因乘坐出租车安全回家而发放的代金券的发放情况。酒精饮料服务员培训课程显著提高了参与者对自身在预防酒后驾车中所起作用的认识。在五家参与项目的场所中，15.6%的服务员佩戴了标明所在场所参与该项目的徽章；再次培训后，立即有26.6%的服务员佩戴了徽章。在这些场所中，6.6%符合条件的顾客实际参与了指定司机项目。该项目平均每月每家场所提供0.7张安全回家代金券。在另外一家场所进行了一项实验，服务员总是向顾客宣传指定司机项目，但指定司机的比例并未增加。
