Nelson D E, Bolen J, Kresnow M
Division of Adult and Community Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1998 Feb;88(2):245-9. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.2.245.
This study examined trends in safety belt use by age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and type of safety belt law.
We analyzed Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data on safety belt use from 33 states for 1987 through 1993 and used linear regression models to determine trends in prevalence.
Asian/Pacific Islanders and Hispanics had the highest safety belt use among racial/ethnic groups. Prevalence varied little from age 25 through 64 years in all years, but averaged 25 percentage points higher in states with primary laws than in states with no belt laws. Overall safety belt use increased by an average 2.7 +/- 0.1 percentage points per year and varied little across most demographic groups, but there was no significant increase for Black males aged 18 through 29 years.
The generally consistent increased in safety belt use across demographic groups is in sharp contrast to trends in other health-risk behaviors. States should enact primary safety belt laws and focus safety belt use efforts towards young Black males.
本研究调查了按年龄、性别、种族/族裔、教育程度和安全带法律类型划分的安全带使用趋势。
我们分析了1987年至1993年33个州行为危险因素监测系统关于安全带使用的数据，并使用线性回归模型确定流行趋势。
在种族/族裔群体中，亚裔/太平洋岛民和西班牙裔的安全带使用率最高。在所有年份中，25岁至64岁人群的使用率变化不大，但在实行主要法律的州，平均使用率比没有安全带法律的州高25个百分点。总体安全带使用率平均每年增加2.7±0.1个百分点，在大多数人口群体中变化不大，但18岁至29岁的黑人男性使用率没有显著增加。
各人口群体中安全带使用普遍持续增加，这与其他健康风险行为的趋势形成鲜明对比。各州应颁布主要安全带法律，并将安全带使用推广工作重点放在年轻黑人男性身上。
