Uemura K, Li Y J, Ohbora Y, Fujimiya T, Komura S
Department of Legal Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
J Stud Alcohol. 1998 Jan;59(1):115-8. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1998.59.115.
Alcohol consumption (alcohol preference or alcohol intake) in animals is an index of human drinking behavior. Cocaine is the most frequently abused drug at present. Therefore, an increasing number of cases demonstrating concurrent use of alcohol and cocaine is being noted. We examined whether cocaine affects alcohol consumption and studied the mechanism of change in alcohol consumption following cocaine administration.
We measured alcohol consumption in inbred mice, C57BL/6J and C3H/HeJ, when 10 or 50 mg/kg cocaine was administered intraperitoneally once a day for 1 week. Then the rate of blood ethanol disappearance from C57BL/6J mice in vivo was measured. Also, liver alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) activity in vitro were measured in the C57BL/6J mice.
Following 50 mg/kg cocaine administration, alcohol consumption was reduced in C57BL/6J mice, but there was no clear change in C3H/HeJ mice. The rate of blood ethanol disappearance was not changed by pretreatment with cocaine. Neither liver ADH nor ALDH activity was changed by repeated cocaine administration.
The present study showed that repeated cocaine administration decreased alcohol consumption in C57BL/6J mice without altering the metabolism of ethanol.
动物的酒精摄入量（酒精偏好或酒精摄取量）是人类饮酒行为的一个指标。可卡因是目前最常被滥用的药物。因此，越来越多的案例显示酒精和可卡因会同时被使用。我们研究了可卡因是否会影响酒精摄入量，并探讨了可卡因给药后酒精摄入量变化的机制。
我们对近交系小鼠C57BL/6J和C3H/HeJ，每天腹腔注射10或50毫克/千克可卡因，持续1周，然后测量它们的酒精摄入量。接着测量C57BL/6J小鼠体内血液中乙醇的消失速率。此外，还测量了C57BL/6J小鼠体外肝脏乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）和乙醛脱氢酶（ALDH）的活性。
给予50毫克/千克可卡因后，C57BL/6J小鼠的酒精摄入量减少，但C3H/HeJ小鼠没有明显变化。可卡因预处理并未改变血液中乙醇的消失速率。反复给予可卡因，肝脏ADH和ALDH的活性均未改变。
本研究表明，反复给予可卡因会降低C57BL/6J小鼠的酒精摄入量，但不会改变乙醇的代谢。
