Wolf P
Centre de chirurgie viscérale et de transplantation Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg.
Rev Prat. 1997 Nov 15;47(18 Spec No):S18-21.
According to the report from the Medical and Scientific Council of Etablissement français des greffes, 2807 organ transplants were performed in France during 1996. After a noticeable decline which started in 1991, transplantation activity has remained stable during the last three years, but does not succeed in satisfying the needs. For instance the average waiting time for a renal graft is longer than two years for certain groups of patients. The origin of this graft shortage is multifactorial, but a certain lack of confidence expressed by family refusal to organ donation is the main reason. Public opinion might have been disturbed some years ago by publications about some dysfunctions in transplantation activity, and by rumors of organ thefts which arise from time to time. Medical information regarding organ harvesting has not always been suitable. Nevertheless, new legal frameworks and new regulations recently established by the public administration, the development of national information campains aimed to health staff and the public, efforts engaged in the use of organ sources other from those harvested from brain dead patients, and the intensification of research, particularly in the field of xenotransplantation are likely to launch once again this magnificient human and scientific adventure, organ transplantation.
根据法国器官移植机构医学与科学委员会的报告，1996年法国进行了2807例器官移植手术。自1991年开始出现明显下降后，移植活动在过去三年中保持稳定，但仍无法满足需求。例如，某些患者群体等待肾移植的平均时间超过两年。这种移植器官短缺的原因是多方面的，但家庭拒绝器官捐赠所表现出的某种信心缺失是主要原因。几年前，有关移植活动中一些功能失调的报道以及不时出现的器官盗窃传闻可能扰乱了公众舆论。关于器官获取的医学信息并不总是恰当的。尽管如此，公共行政部门最近建立的新法律框架和新规定、针对卫生工作人员和公众开展的全国性宣传活动、致力于使用除脑死亡患者捐献之外的其他器官来源的努力，以及研究的强化，尤其是异种移植领域的研究，有可能再次开启器官移植这一伟大的人类与科学冒险。
