Hormonal influences on brain ageing quality: focus on corticotropin releasing hormone-, vasopressin- and oxytocin-immunoreactive neurones in the human brain.

In this paper we have investigated the distribution of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)-, vasopressin- and oxytocin-immunoreactive (IR) neurones in the paraventricular nucleus in the senile compared to the adult human brain. We found a higher number of CRH-IR neurones in senile compared to adult subjects. Vasopressin- and oxytocin-IR neurones were instead more weakly stained in the former compared to latter. These results support a hypothalamic involvement in promoting the higher activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and, thus, higher glucocorticoid plasma levels which have been described in the elderly.