Nittrouer S, Crowther C S, Miller M E
Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68131, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 1998 Jan;60(1):51-64. doi: 10.3758/bf03211917.
We examined the perceptual weighting by children and adults of the acoustic properties specifying complete closure of the vocal tract following a syllable-initial [s]. Experiment 1 was a novel manipulation of previously examined acoustic properties (duration of a silent gap and first formant transition) and showed that children weight the first formant transition more than adults. Experiment 2, an acoustic analysis of naturally produced say and stay, revealed that, contrary to expectations, a burst can be present in stay and that first formant transitions do not necessarily distinguish say and stay in natural tokens. Experiment 3 manipulated natural speech portions to create stimuli that varied primarily in the duration of the silent gap and in the presence or absence of a stop burst, and showed that children weight these stop bursts less than adults. Taken together, the perception experiments support claims that children integrate multiple acoustic properties as adults do, but that they weight dynamic properties of the signal more than adults and weight static properties less.
我们研究了儿童和成人对音节开头的[s]之后表明声道完全闭合的声学特性的感知权重。实验1对先前研究过的声学特性（静音间隙的时长和第一共振峰过渡）进行了新颖的操控，结果显示儿童比成人更看重第一共振峰过渡。实验2对自然产生的say和stay进行声学分析，结果表明，与预期相反，stay中可能存在爆破音，并且在自然语料中，第一共振峰过渡不一定能区分say和stay。实验3对自然语音部分进行操控，以创建主要在静音间隙时长以及是否存在塞音爆破音方面有所变化的刺激，结果显示儿童对这些塞音爆破音的权重低于成人。综合来看，这些感知实验支持了以下观点：儿童像成人一样整合多种声学特性，但他们比成人更看重信号的动态特性，而对静态特性的权重较低。
