Bentsen H, Notland T H, Boye B, Munkvold O G, Bjørge H, Lersbryggen A B, Uren G, Oskarsson K H, Berg-Larsen R, Lingjaerde O, Malt U F
Gaustad Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Norway.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1998 Jan;97(1):76-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09967.x.
Relatives' criticism and hostility are important risk factors for relapse in schizophrenia. In order to explain these attitudes, we examined a Norwegian sample of 47 recently hospitalized patients (with schizophrenia or related psychoses) and 72 relatives. Relatives' expressed emotion was assessed by means of the Camberwell Family Interview. Demographic and clinical data were used as predictor variables in confirmatory regression analyses. The most robust predictors of high levels of criticism were, on the part of the patient, lack of paid employment, more than 3 previous hospital admissions, more troublesome behaviours reported by relatives, especially anxiety/depression, and better cognitive functioning at admission. Robust predictors of hostility were lack of employment and more than 3 previous hospitalizations. Interventions to reduce criticism should include employing patients and working with relatives' unrealistic expectations.
亲属的批评和敌意是精神分裂症复发的重要风险因素。为了解释这些态度，我们对挪威的一个样本进行了研究，该样本包括47名近期住院的患者（患有精神分裂症或相关精神病）和72名亲属。通过坎伯韦尔家庭访谈评估亲属的表达性情绪。人口统计学和临床数据在验证性回归分析中用作预测变量。对于高水平批评而言，最有力的预测因素在患者方面包括：没有带薪工作、既往住院3次以上、亲属报告的更多麻烦行为，尤其是焦虑/抑郁，以及入院时较好的认知功能。敌意的有力预测因素是没有工作和既往住院3次以上。减少批评的干预措施应包括让患者就业，并应对亲属不切实际的期望。
