Demoulin J B, Renauld J C
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Experimental Medicine Unit, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Int Rev Immunol. 1998;16(3-4):345-64. doi: 10.3109/08830189809043001.
Interleukin-9 (IL-9) is a multifunctional cytokine produced by activated TH2 clones in vitro and during TH2-like T cell responses in vivo. Although IL-9 was initially described as a T cell growth factor, its role in T cell responses is still unclear. While freshly isolated normal T cells do not respond to IL-9, this cytokine induces the proliferation of murine T cell lymphomas in vitro, and in vivo overexpression of IL-9 results in the development of thymic lymphomas. In the human, the existence of an IL-9 mediated autocrine loop has been suggested for some malignancies such as Hodgkin's disease. Various observations indicate that IL-9 is actively involved in mast cells responses by inducing the proliferation and differentiation of these cells. Other potential biological targets for IL-9 include B lymphocytes, and hematopoietic progenitors, for which higher responses were observed with foetal or transformed cells as compared to normal adult progenitors. The IL-9 receptor is a member of the hemopoietin receptor superfamily and interacts with the gamma chain of the IL-2 receptor for signaling. Signal transduction studies have stressed the role of the Jak-STAT pathway in various IL-9 bioactivities, whereas the 4PS/IRS2 adaptor protein might also play a significant role in IL-9 signaling.
白细胞介素-9（IL-9）是一种多功能细胞因子，由体外活化的TH2克隆以及体内类似TH2的T细胞反应产生。尽管IL-9最初被描述为一种T细胞生长因子，但其在T细胞反应中的作用仍不清楚。虽然新鲜分离的正常T细胞对IL-9无反应，但这种细胞因子在体外可诱导小鼠T细胞淋巴瘤增殖，且在体内过表达IL-9会导致胸腺淋巴瘤的发生。在人类中，已有人提出某些恶性肿瘤（如霍奇金病）存在IL-9介导的自分泌环。各种观察结果表明，IL-9通过诱导肥大细胞增殖和分化而积极参与其反应。IL-9的其他潜在生物学靶点包括B淋巴细胞和造血祖细胞，与正常成人祖细胞相比，胎儿或转化细胞对其反应更高。IL-9受体是血细胞生成素受体超家族的成员，与IL-2受体的γ链相互作用以进行信号传导。信号转导研究强调了Jak-STAT途径在各种IL-9生物活性中的作用，而4PS/IRS2衔接蛋白在IL-9信号传导中可能也起重要作用。
