Shekhawat P S, Garland J S, Shivpuri C, Mick G J, Sasidharan P, Pelz C J, McCormick K L
Department of Pediatrics and Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
Pediatr Res. 1998 Mar;43(3):338-43. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199803000-00005.
Leptin is a 16-kD protein encoded by the ob/ob (obesity) gene. In rodents it plays a role in obesity, diabetes, fertility, and neuroendocrine function. In humans serum concentrations of leptin correlate with total body fat in both adults and children. We measured cord blood leptin in 186 neonates that included 82 appropriate for gestational age (AGA), 47 large for gestational age (LGA), 20 infants of diabetic mothers, 52 preterm infants, and 15 intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) infants. There were 16 pairs of twins. The mothers of 17 preterm infants were treated with steroids before delivery. Leptin (mean +/- SD) concentration in term, AGA infants (39.4 +/- 1.1 wk) with birth weight (BW) of 3.2 +/- 0.3 kg, body mass index (BMI) of 12.6 +/- 1.1 was 4.01 +/- 3.5 ng/mL. BW correlated with cord leptin (p = 0.002) in a multivariate analysis controlling for potential confounders. Both LGA infants and infants of diabetic mothers had higher cord leptin concentration 7.3 +/- 3.8 and 6.1 +/- 4.8 ng/mL, respectively, compared with AGA infants (p < 0.05). Preterm infants had a mean leptin level of 1.8 +/- 0.97 ng/mL and a 3-fold elevation was seen if mothers received steroids antenatally (p = 0.006). IUGR infants had increased leptin (6.5 +/- 3.9 ng/mL, p = 0.03). Concerning the twin pairs, the smaller had a higher leptin level compared with larger twin (4.1 +/- 9.51 versus 2.8 +/- 5.14, p = NS). Neonatal cord leptin concentrations correlate well with BW and BMI. No gender differences were found in cord blood leptin. Maternal obesity had no effect on cord leptin, whereas exogenous maternal steroids increased neonatal leptin concentrations.
瘦素是一种由ob/ob（肥胖）基因编码的16千道尔顿蛋白质。在啮齿动物中，它在肥胖、糖尿病、生育能力和神经内分泌功能方面发挥作用。在人类中，成人和儿童的血清瘦素浓度都与总体脂肪相关。我们测量了186名新生儿的脐血瘦素，其中包括82名适于胎龄（AGA）儿、47名大于胎龄（LGA）儿、20名糖尿病母亲的婴儿、52名早产儿和15名宫内生长受限（IUGR）儿。有16对双胞胎。17名早产儿的母亲在分娩前接受了类固醇治疗。足月AGA儿（39.4±1.1周）出生体重（BW）为3.2±0.3千克、体重指数（BMI）为12.6±1.1，其瘦素（均值±标准差）浓度为4.01±3.5纳克/毫升。在控制潜在混杂因素的多变量分析中，BW与脐血瘦素相关（p = 0.002）。与AGA儿相比，LGA儿和糖尿病母亲的婴儿脐血瘦素浓度更高，分别为7.3±3.8和6.1±4.8纳克/毫升（p < 0.05）。早产儿的平均瘦素水平为1.8±0.97纳克/毫升，如果母亲在产前接受类固醇治疗，则瘦素水平会升高3倍（p = 0.006）。IUGR儿的瘦素升高（6.5±3.9纳克/毫升，p = 0.03）。关于双胞胎对，较小的双胞胎与较大的双胞胎相比瘦素水平更高（4.1±9.51对2.8±5.14，p = 无显著性差异）。新生儿脐血瘦素浓度与BW和BMI密切相关。脐血瘦素未发现性别差异。母亲肥胖对脐血瘦素无影响，而母亲外源性类固醇会增加新生儿瘦素浓度。
