Potten C S, Booth C, Pritchard D M
CRC Department of Epithelial Biology, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Withington, Manchester, UK.
Int J Exp Pathol. 1997 Aug;78(4):219-43. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2613.1997.280362.x.
All epithelial cells in the small and large intestine are thought to originate from stem cells located towards the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn. To-date, there are no specific intestinal stem cell markers, hence stem cell properties can only be inferred. A range of experimental techniques have been employed including cell position mapping, radiation regeneration (clonogenic) assays, chimeric and transgenic mice. This review discusses the implications of experiments performed using these techniques in order to deduce the number, location and functional properties of stem cells. Stem cell homeostasis is maintained by cell proliferation and death 'through apoptosis'. The various growth and matrix factors and genes which may control these processes, and be important for stem cell function, are discussed along with their carcinogenic and clinical implications.
小肠和大肠中的所有上皮细胞都被认为起源于位于利伯kühn隐窝底部的干细胞。迄今为止，尚无特异性的肠道干细胞标志物，因此干细胞特性只能通过推断得出。已经采用了一系列实验技术，包括细胞位置图谱绘制、辐射再生（克隆形成）测定、嵌合体和转基因小鼠实验。本综述讨论了使用这些技术进行的实验的意义，以便推断干细胞的数量、位置和功能特性。干细胞的稳态通过细胞增殖和“通过凋亡”的细胞死亡来维持。文中还讨论了可能控制这些过程并对干细胞功能很重要的各种生长因子、基质因子和基因，以及它们的致癌和临床意义。
