Herz U, Schnoy N, Borelli S, Weigl L, Käsbohrer U, Daser A, Wahn U, Köttgen E, Renz H
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Virchow-Klinikum of the Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany.
J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Mar;110(3):224-31. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00119.x.
Chronic skin colonization with Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known feature in atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to develop a human-SCID mouse model to analyze the possible role of bacterial superantigens in human allergic immune responses under in vivo conditions. SCID mice were reconstituted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (between 2 and 9 x 10(7) cells per mouse) from atopic dermatitis patients sensitized to house dust mite allergen (Der p). Total and Der p specific antibody production required the following conditions: (i) injection of Der p; (ii) presence of CD14+ antigen-presenting cells; and (iii) IL-4 as shown by the inhibitory effect of human soluble IL-4 receptor on immunoglobulin E production. This model was used to study the immunomodulatory effects of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B in comparison with Der p. In intraperitoneally reconstituted human-SCID mice, topical treatment was ineffective in inducing skin inflammation. Therefore, additionally to intraperitoneal transfer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from atopic donors were also injected intradermally. Such reconstituted SCID mice were then exposed via the skin to either Der p, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, or a combination of both. Maximal effects on epidermal inflammation and dermal T cell infiltration were obtained with staphylococcal enterotoxin B and Der p. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B alone was less effective and Der p only stimulated dermal T cell infiltration. These findings support the hypothesis that bacterial superantigens can act as trigger factors in allergic skin inflammation.
金黄色葡萄球菌慢性皮肤定植是特应性皮炎的一个众所周知的特征。本研究的目的是建立一种人 - SCID小鼠模型，以分析细菌超抗原在体内条件下对人类过敏性免疫反应可能发挥的作用。用对屋尘螨过敏原（Der p）致敏的特应性皮炎患者的外周血单个核细胞（每只小鼠2至9×10⁷个细胞）重建SCID小鼠。总抗体和Der p特异性抗体的产生需要以下条件：（i）注射Der p；（ii）存在CD14⁺抗原呈递细胞；（iii）白细胞介素 - 4，人可溶性白细胞介素 - 4受体对免疫球蛋白E产生的抑制作用表明了这一点。该模型用于研究超抗原葡萄球菌肠毒素B与Der p相比的免疫调节作用。在经腹腔重建的人 - SCID小鼠中，局部治疗在诱导皮肤炎症方面无效。因此，除了腹腔内转移外，还将特应性供体的外周血单个核细胞皮内注射。然后将这种重建的SCID小鼠通过皮肤暴露于Der p、葡萄球菌肠毒素B或两者的组合。葡萄球菌肠毒素B和Der p对表皮炎症和真皮T细胞浸润产生最大影响。单独的葡萄球菌肠毒素B效果较差，而Der p仅刺激真皮T细胞浸润。这些发现支持了细菌超抗原可作为过敏性皮肤炎症触发因素的假说。
