Ramamurthy N, Baliga N, Wahr J A, Schaller U, Yang V C, Meyerhoff M E
Department of Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
Clin Chem. 1998 Mar;44(3):606-13.
An improved protamine-sensitive electrode based on a polymeric membrane doped with the charged ion exchanger dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate (DNNS) is used for monitoring heparin concentrations in whole blood. The electrode exhibits significant nonequilibrium potentiometric response to polycationic protamine over the concentration range of 0.5-20 mg/L in undiluted whole-blood samples. The sensor can serve as a simple end point detector for the determination of heparin via potentiometric titrations with protamine. Whole-blood heparin concentrations determined by the electrode method (n > or = 157) correlate well with other protamine titration-based methods, including the commercial Hepcon HMS assay (r = 0.934) and a previously reported potentiometric heparin sensor-based method (r = 0.973). Reasonable correlation was also found with a commercial chromogenic anti-Xa heparin assay (r = 0.891) with corresponding plasma samples and appropriate correction for whole-blood hematocrit levels. Whereas a significant positive bias (0.62 kU/L; P < 0.001) is observed between the anti-Xa assay and the protamine sensor methods, insignificant bias is observed between the protamine sensor and the Hepcon HMS tests (0.08 kU/L; P = 0.02). The possibility of fully automating these titrations offers a potentially simple, inexpensive, and accurate method for monitoring heparin concentrations in whole blood.
一种基于掺杂带电离子交换剂二壬基萘磺酸盐（DNNS）的聚合物膜的改进型鱼精蛋白敏感电极，用于监测全血中的肝素浓度。在未稀释的全血样品中，该电极在0.5 - 20 mg/L的鱼精蛋白浓度范围内，对聚阳离子鱼精蛋白表现出显著的非平衡电位响应。该传感器可作为通过鱼精蛋白电位滴定法测定肝素的简单终点检测器。通过电极法测定的全血肝素浓度（n≥157）与其他基于鱼精蛋白滴定的方法相关性良好，包括商业Hepcon HMS测定法（r = 0.934）和先前报道的基于电位肝素传感器的方法（r = 0.973）。对于相应的血浆样品，并对全血细胞比容水平进行适当校正后，与商业显色抗Xa肝素测定法（r = 0.891）也发现了合理的相关性。虽然在抗Xa测定法和鱼精蛋白传感器方法之间观察到显著的正偏差（0.62 kU/L；P < 0.001），但在鱼精蛋白传感器和Hepcon HMS测试之间观察到的偏差不显著（0.08 kU/L；P = 0.02）。实现这些滴定完全自动化的可能性为监测全血中的肝素浓度提供了一种潜在的简单、廉价且准确的方法。
