Severt T R, Proffit W R
Department of Orthodontics, University of North Carolina, School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill 27599-7450, USA.
Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;12(3):171-6.
In a retrospective survey of 1,460 patients evaluated in the Dentofacial Clinic at the University of North Carolina, 495 (34%) were found to have clinically apparent facial asymmetry. When present, asymmetry affected the upper face in only 5% (n = 23), the midface (primarily the nose) in 36% (n = 178), and the chin in 74% (n = 365). The occlusal plane was canted, indicating vertical asymmetry, in 41% (n = 201). Patients with Class II problems, whether or not due to mandibular deficiency, had a 28% prevalence of asymmetry; those with other types of problems (e.g., Class III, long face, Class I) had a 40% prevalence, which is significantly higher than those with Class II occlusions. When the chin deviated transversely, there was an 80% chance that the deviation was to the left. Only in patients with long face was there an equal distribution of left-right chin asymmetry. In the other groups, the prevalence of deviation of the chin to the left approached 90%. These findings are meaningful for clinicians because asymmetry must be identified and planned for prior to initiating treatment.
在对北卡罗来纳大学牙面诊所评估的1460例患者进行的回顾性调查中，发现495例（34%）存在临床上明显的面部不对称。不对称出现时，仅5%（n = 23）影响上半面部，36%（n = 178）影响中面部（主要是鼻子），74%（n = 365）影响下巴。41%（n = 201）的患者咬合平面倾斜，表明存在垂直不对称。II类问题患者，无论是否由于下颌骨发育不足，不对称患病率为28%；其他类型问题（如III类、长脸、I类）患者的不对称患病率为40%，显著高于II类咬合患者。当下巴横向偏斜时，80%的可能性是向左偏斜。只有长脸患者左右下巴不对称分布相等。在其他组中，下巴向左偏斜的患病率接近90%。这些发现对临床医生具有重要意义，因为在开始治疗之前必须识别并考虑不对称情况。
