Howell W M, Turner S J, Hourihane J O, Dean T P, Warner J O
Wessex Histocompatibility Laboratory, Southampton General Hospital, UK.
Clin Exp Allergy. 1998 Feb;28(2):156-62. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.00224.x.
Peanut is one of the most common foods provoking allergic reactions and is the most frequent cause of fatal and near-fatal food-induced anaphylaxis. However, as yet, little is known of the genetic and immunological mechanisms which underly peanut allergy.
Based on findings in other allergic diseases, we have investigated whether particular human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II genetic polymorphisms contribute to the development of peanut allergy.
All individuals from 37 families each containing one or more peanut allergic individuals, plus nine unrelated patients (161 individuals in total, defined as the study group) were typed for the HLA class II DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 loci, by PCR-based techniques. Genotype frequencies were compared with those found in 293 unrelated controls.
Four class II genotypes (DRB108 (13.7% vs 4.8%; Pc = 0.026), DRB108/12 tyr 16 (22.4% vs 8.2%; Pc = 0.021), DQB104 (12.2% vs 2.7%; Pc = 0.0026) and DPB10301 (49.1 vs 22.5%; Pc = 0.00062)) were present at a significantly higher frequency in the study group compared with controls. Three of these genotypes (DRB108 (18.0%; Pc = 0.027), DRB108/12 tyr16 (24.0%; Pc = 0.029) and DQB104 (16.7%; Pc = 0.0029)) were also significantly increased in peanut allergic individuals compared with controls. In addition, two genotypes (DPB10101 and 0201) were significantly decreased in frequency in the overall study group, but not specifically in peanut allergic individuals.
While other genetic factors may be important, results from this study indicate that HLA class II genetic polymorphism may play a role in determining susceptibility to peanut allergy.
花生是引发过敏反应最常见的食物之一，也是食物诱导的致死性和接近致死性过敏反应最常见的原因。然而，目前对于花生过敏的遗传和免疫机制仍知之甚少。
基于其他过敏性疾病的研究结果，我们调查了特定的人类白细胞抗原（HLA）II类基因多态性是否与花生过敏的发生有关。
对来自37个家庭（每个家庭中有一名或多名花生过敏个体）的所有个体以及9名无亲缘关系的患者（共161名个体，定义为研究组），采用基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的技术对HLA II类DRB1、DQB1和DPB1基因座进行分型。将基因型频率与293名无亲缘关系的对照者的基因型频率进行比较。
与对照组相比，研究组中4种II类基因型（DRB108（13.7%对4.8%；Pc = 0.026）、DRB108/12 tyr 16（22.4%对8.2%；Pc = 0.021）、DQB104（12.2%对2.7%；Pc = 0.0026）和DPB10301（49.1%对22.5%；Pc = 0.00062））的频率显著更高。其中3种基因型（DRB108（18.0%；Pc = 0.027）、DRB108/12 tyr16（24.0%；Pc = 0.029）和DQB104（16.7%；Pc = 0.0029））在花生过敏个体中与对照组相比也显著增加。此外，两种基因型（DPB10101和0201）在整个研究组中的频率显著降低，但在花生过敏个体中无特异性降低。
虽然其他遗传因素可能也很重要，但本研究结果表明HLA II类基因多态性可能在决定花生过敏易感性方面起作用。
