Effect of temazepam on oxygen saturation and sleep quality at high altitude: randomised placebo controlled crossover trial.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effects of temazepam on the quality of sleep and on oxygen saturation during sleep in subjects at high altitude.

DESIGN

Randomised, blinded, crossover, placebo controlled trial.

SETTING

Base camp at Mount Everest (altitude 5300 m).

SUBJECTS

11 members of British Mount Everest Medical Expedition recently arrived at base camp.

INTERVENTION

Participants were randomly allocated to receive either temazepam 10 mg or placebo on their first night at base camp and the other treatment on the second night.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Quality of sleep (assessed subjectively), mean arterial oxygen saturation value, and changes in saturation values (as measure of periodic breathing) while participants taking temazepam or placebo.

RESULTS

All participants noted subjective improvements in sleep. Mean saturation value remained unchanged when temazepam was compared with placebo (74.65% v 75.70%, P = 0.5437). There were fewer changes in oxygen saturation when participants took temazepam and when measured as decreases > 4% below the mean value of saturation each hour (P = 0.0036, paired Student's t test (two tailed)).

CONCLUSIONS

Participants taking temazepam at 5300 m showed no significant drop in mean oxygen saturation values during sleep. Both the number and severity of changes in saturation during sleep decreased and the quality of sleep improved. This may be a result of a reduction in the number of awakenings and might lead to greater respiratory stability and fewer episodes of periodic breathing. This has the effect of improving the quality of sleep and reducing the number of periods of desaturation during sleep.