Sutherland C, Bybee D, Sullivan C
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1117, USA.
Womens Health. 1998 Spring;4(1):41-70.
We examined the effects of intimate violence on the physical and psychological health of women over time. Changes in levels of physical and psychological abuse, injuries, physical health symptoms, anxiety, and depression were assessed three times: immediately after exit from a domestic violence program and at 81/2- and 141/2-month follow-ups. Analyses showed a significant decline in abuse, physical health symptoms, anxiety, and depression over time. Longitudinal structural equation modeling demonstrated that ongoing abuse was significantly related to increased physical and psychological health problems from one time period to the next, even when prior levels of physical and psychological health were controlled. Within each time interval, the effects of abuse on physical symptoms appeared to be mediated through anxiety and depression; although this relationship was replicated at several time points, the mediation was not verified across time, probably because measurement intervals were too long to reflect the underlying causal sequence. Although injuries were the direct result of abuse, injuries showed no significant effect on physical symptoms, anxiety, or depression. Implications for intervention and future research are discussed.
我们长期研究了亲密暴力对女性身心健康的影响。对身体和心理虐待程度、伤害情况、身体健康症状、焦虑及抑郁水平的变化进行了三次评估：刚离开家庭暴力项目时、8个半月随访时以及14个半月随访时。分析表明，随着时间推移，虐待、身体健康症状、焦虑及抑郁情况均显著减少。纵向结构方程模型显示，即使在控制了先前的身心健康水平之后，持续的虐待与不同时间段内身心健康问题的增加仍显著相关。在每个时间间隔内，虐待对身体症状的影响似乎是通过焦虑和抑郁介导的；尽管这种关系在多个时间点都得到了验证，但跨时间的中介作用未得到证实，可能是因为测量间隔太长，无法反映潜在的因果顺序。虽然伤害是虐待的直接结果，但伤害对身体症状、焦虑或抑郁没有显著影响。文中还讨论了干预措施及未来研究的意义。
