Ewing H P, Pesti G M, Bakalli R I, Menten J F
Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2772, USA.
Poult Sci. 1998 Mar;77(3):445-8. doi: 10.1093/ps/77.3.445.
Male commercial broiler strain chickens were fed either a control diet (based on corn and soybean meal) or the control diet supplemented with cupric sulfate pentahydrate, copper oxychloride, or cupric citrate in two experiments conducted in floor pens. In Experiment 1, feeding copper at 125 mg/kg diet for 42 d significantly increased broiler growth; and the response from cupric citrate was significantly better than either cupric sulfate or copper oxychloride. In Experiment 2, the inclusion of copper from cupric citrate was reduced to 63 mg/kg and the length of the experiment was increased to 56 d. Cupric sulfate pentahydrate and copper oxychloride treatments increased weight gain by 4.9% and cupric citrate increased weight gain by 9.1%. The feed conversion ratios (grams of feed:grams of gain of live birds) in the birds fed copper were not significantly different from those fed the basal diet (P > 0.05) unless corrections were made for the weights of the dead birds; the adjusted feed conversion ratios (grams of feed:grams of gain of live birds + grams of gain of mortalities) for the copper-treated birds in Experiments 1 and 2 were 5.2 and 7.6% lower, respectively, than the ratios of birds fed the basal diets. Plasma copper levels increased in supplemented chicks by 35% in Experiment 1 and 24% in Experiment 2. Liver copper levels in both experiments were increased by 26% with copper supplementation. Mortality was not affected by dietary treatment in either experiment (P > 0.05).
在两个于地面围栏中进行的实验里，雄性商品肉鸡品系鸡被喂食对照日粮（基于玉米和豆粕）或添加了五水硫酸铜、碱式氯化铜或柠檬酸铜的对照日粮。在实验1中，以125毫克/千克日粮的量添加铜并持续喂食42天，显著提高了肉鸡的生长速度；柠檬酸铜组的反应显著优于硫酸铜组或碱式氯化铜组。在实验2中，柠檬酸铜的添加量降至63毫克/千克，实验时长增至56天。五水硫酸铜和碱式氯化铜处理组的体重增加了4.9%，柠檬酸铜处理组的体重增加了9.1%。除非对死鸡体重进行校正，否则喂食铜的鸡的饲料转化率（饲料克数：活鸡增重克数）与喂食基础日粮的鸡相比无显著差异（P>0.05）；实验1和实验2中，经铜处理的鸡的调整后饲料转化率（饲料克数：活鸡增重克数+死亡鸡增重克数）分别比喂食基础日粮的鸡低5.2%和7.6%。在实验1中，添加铜的雏鸡血浆铜水平提高了35%，在实验2中提高了24%。在两个实验中，添加铜均使肝脏铜水平提高了26%。在两个实验中，日粮处理均未影响死亡率（P>0.05）。
