Stefanski V
Department of Animal Physiology, University of Bayreuth, Germany.
Physiol Behav. 1998 Feb 15;63(4):605-13. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00492-7.
The impact of chronic confrontation on behavior, body weight, and aspects of blood cellular immunity was investigated in 24 Long Evans intruder rats. At the beginning of a 1-week confrontation period, an adult male was introduced into a one male-one female resident group which resulted in fights for dominance. Although most intruders became losers in this situation, their specific behavior differed. Two groups of losers were defined: subdominant (N = 11) and submissive intruders (N = 9). In contrast to subdominant intruders, submissive males often displayed behaviors indicating social defeat. They were frequently involved in agonistic interactions and lost 7% of their initial body weight. Confrontation provoked marked changes in many measures of blood cellular immunity. Importantly, the immunological effects differed significantly in magnitude and direction depending on the individuals' behavior. Submissive males reacted with reduction in lymphocyte proliferation in response to ConA and shifts in lymphocyte subsets (decline in percentage of CD4 and CD8 T cells, increase of B cells), but with little change in lymphocyte numbers. In addition, a pronounced increase in granulocytes was evident. In contrast, in subdominant males lymphocyte, T cell, and B cell counts were lowered but no change in subset composition occurred. The effects on T and B cell composition were not fully reversible within 7 days after end of the confrontation period indicating long-term consequences for migration of lymphocyte subsets. These data show that a detailed behavioral analysis is required for a meaningful biological evaluation of social stress-induced immune changes in rats, because different coping strategies result in different immunological consequences.
在24只长 Evans 入侵大鼠中研究了慢性对抗对行为、体重和血细胞免疫方面的影响。在为期1周的对抗期开始时，将一只成年雄性大鼠引入一个一雄一雌的常驻群体中，这导致了争夺主导地位的争斗。尽管在这种情况下大多数入侵者成为失败者，但它们的具体行为有所不同。定义了两组失败者：次主导型（N = 11）和顺从型入侵者（N = 9）。与次主导型入侵者不同，顺从型雄性大鼠经常表现出表明社会挫败的行为。它们频繁参与争斗互动，体重减轻了初始体重的7%。对抗引发了血细胞免疫许多指标的显著变化。重要的是，免疫效应在大小和方向上因个体行为而异。顺从型雄性大鼠对刀豆蛋白A的反应是淋巴细胞增殖减少，淋巴细胞亚群发生变化（CD4和CD8 T细胞百分比下降，B细胞增加），但淋巴细胞数量变化不大。此外，粒细胞明显增加。相比之下，次主导型雄性大鼠的淋巴细胞、T细胞和B细胞计数降低，但亚群组成没有变化。对抗期结束后7天内，对T细胞和B细胞组成的影响并未完全逆转，这表明淋巴细胞亚群迁移具有长期后果。这些数据表明，对于大鼠社会应激诱导的免疫变化进行有意义的生物学评估需要详细的行为分析，因为不同的应对策略会导致不同的免疫后果。
