Bezuglov V V, Archakov A V
Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 1998 Jan;63(1):22-30.
Amides of fatty acids are lipid bioregulators formed from long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids via amidation by the corresponding amines. Ethanolamides of fatty acids are the most well-studied species of this group; an alternative pathway for their biosynthesis includes hydrolysis of N-acylated phosphatidylethanolamines by phospholipase D. Ethanolamides of fatty acids bind to the cannabinoid receptors of the central nervous system (CB1) or peripheral tissues (CB2) and can be considered as endogenous ligands of these receptors. Their pharmacological properties are similar to that of cannabimimetics. Simple amides of fatty acids are also endogenous bioregulators acting like sleep-inducing (oleamide) or angiogenic factors (erucamide). A new group of bioregulators comprise the amides of fatty acids and biologically active amines (vanillinamine, dopamine, and serotonin).
脂肪酸酰胺是一类脂质生物调节剂，由长链饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸通过与相应胺类的酰胺化反应形成。脂肪酸乙醇酰胺是该类中研究最为充分的物质；其生物合成的另一条途径包括磷脂酶D对N-酰基磷脂酰乙醇胺的水解。脂肪酸乙醇酰胺与中枢神经系统（CB1）或外周组织（CB2）的大麻素受体结合，可被视为这些受体的内源性配体。它们的药理特性与大麻模拟物相似。简单的脂肪酸酰胺也是内源性生物调节剂，具有诱导睡眠（油酰胺）或血管生成因子（芥酸酰胺）的作用。一类新的生物调节剂包括脂肪酸与生物活性胺（香草胺、多巴胺和5-羟色胺）形成的酰胺。
