Aboel-Zahab H, el-Khyat Z, Sidhom G, Awadallah R, Abdel-al W, Mahdy K
Zoology Dept., Fac. of Sci., Cairo University, Egypt.
Boll Chim Farm. 1997 Nov;136(10):615-27.
Three different synthetic chocolate colourant agents (A, B and C) were administered to healthy adult male albino rats for 30 and 60 day periods to evaluate their effects on body weight, blood picture, liver and kidney functions, blood glucose, serum and liver lipids, liver nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and growth hormone. In addition, histopathological examinations of liver, kidney and stomach sections were studied. These parameters were also investigated 30 days after colourant stoppage (post effect). Ingestion of colourant C (brown HT and indigocarmine) significantly decreased rat body weight, serum cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol fraction, while, T4 hormone, liver RNA content, liver enzymes (S. GOT, S. GPT and alkaline phosphatase), total protein and globulin fractions were significantly elevated. Significant increases were observed in serum total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, globulin and serum transaminases in rats whose diets were supplemented with chocolate colours A and B (sunset yellow, tartrazine, carmoisine and brilliant blue in varying concentrations). Haematological investigations demonstrated selective neutropenia and lymphocytosis with no significant alterations of total white blood cell counts in all rat groups, while haemoglobin concentrations and red blood cell counts were significantly decreased in the rats who were administered food additives A and B. Eosinophilia was noted in rats fed on colourant A only. No changes were recorded for blood glucose, growth hormone and kidney function tests. Histopathological studies showed brown pigment deposition in the portal tracts and Van Küpffer cells of the liver as well as in the interstitial tissue and renal tubular cells of the kidney mainly induced by colourant A. Congested blood vessels and areas of haemorrhage in both liver and renal sections were revealed in those rats who were given colourants B and C. There were no-untoward-effects recorded in the stomach tissue.
将三种不同的合成巧克力色素剂（A、B和C）分别给予健康成年雄性白化大鼠30天和60天，以评估它们对体重、血常规、肝肾功能、血糖、血清和肝脏脂质、肝脏核酸（DNA和RNA）、甲状腺激素（T3和T4）以及生长激素的影响。此外，还对肝脏、肾脏和胃组织切片进行了组织病理学检查。在停止给予色素剂30天后（即观察后期影响），对上述参数再次进行了研究。摄入色素剂C（亮褐和靛蓝胭脂红）会显著降低大鼠体重、血清胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平，同时，T4激素、肝脏RNA含量、肝脏酶（谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶）、总蛋白和球蛋白水平显著升高。在饮食中添加巧克力色素A和B（不同浓度的日落黄、柠檬黄、胭脂红和亮蓝）的大鼠中，血清总脂质、胆固醇、甘油三酯、总蛋白、球蛋白和血清转氨酶显著增加。血液学检查显示，所有大鼠组均出现选择性中性粒细胞减少和淋巴细胞增多，白细胞总数无显著变化，而给予食品添加剂A和B的大鼠血红蛋白浓度和红细胞计数显著降低。仅喂食色素剂A的大鼠出现嗜酸性粒细胞增多。血糖、生长激素和肾功能测试未见变化。组织病理学研究表明，色素剂A主要导致肝脏门管区和库普弗细胞以及肾脏间质组织和肾小管细胞中出现棕色色素沉积。给予色素剂B和C的大鼠肝脏和肾脏切片均出现血管充血和出血区域。胃组织未记录到不良影响。
