Thibault S, Drolet R, Germain M C, D'Allaire S, Larochelle R, Magar R
Département de Pathologie et de Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, PQ, Canada.
Vet Pathol. 1998 Mar;35(2):108-16. doi: 10.1177/030098589803500204.
A systemic vasculitis involving particularly the skin and kidneys has been recently described in swine under the name dermatitis/nephropathy syndrome. Twelve pigs with gross cutaneous lesions typical of this condition were necropsied, and morphologic, immunohistochemical, microbiologic, and epidemiologic characteristics were studied. The pigs were divided into three groups comprising eight pigs with acute lesions, two with chronic lesions, and two with acute lesions kept for sequential skin biopsies. Acute skin lesions consisted of round to irregular, red to purple macules and papules that often coalesced to form large, irregular patches and plaques. With time, the lesions became covered by crusts and faded gradually, sometimes leaving scars. Characteristic distribution included the perineal area of the hindquarters, limbs, dependent parts of the abdomen and thorax, and margins of the ears. In the acute phase of the disease, necrotizing and leucocytoclastic vasculitis of small-caliber blood vessels were observed within the dermis and panniculus and in various extracutaneous locations such as the renal pelvis and synovial membranes. All pigs had macroscopic evidence of pneumonia and generalized lymphadenopathy. Microscopically, they had interstitial pneumonia and perivascular cuffing of mononuclear cells in various tissues including skin. The presence of immunoglobulins and complement was demonstrated by immunofluorescence in and around necrotic vessels of the skin in the early stages. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (PRRSV) antigens were detected by immunohistochemistry in macrophages located around vessels of the tissues examined (skin and kidneys) in acute and chronic cases. PRRSV RNA was demonstrated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in lung and spleen homogenates from all pigs. The PRRSV was isolated in cell culture from 11 of the pigs. These findings suggest that PRRSV infection may play a role in the pathogenesis of this systemic vascular disease of swine.
最近在猪身上发现了一种主要累及皮肤和肾脏的系统性血管炎，称为皮炎/肾病综合征。对12头具有该病典型皮肤病变的猪进行了尸检，并研究了其形态学、免疫组织化学、微生物学和流行病学特征。这些猪被分为三组，包括8头有急性病变的猪、2头有慢性病变的猪以及2头有急性病变并进行连续皮肤活检的猪。急性皮肤病变表现为圆形至不规则形、红色至紫色的斑疹和丘疹，常融合形成大的不规则斑块。随着时间推移，病变会结痂并逐渐消退，有时会留下疤痕。特征性分布包括后肢会阴区、四肢、腹部和胸部的下垂部位以及耳部边缘。在疾病急性期，在真皮、皮下组织以及肾盂和滑膜等各种皮肤外部位观察到小口径血管的坏死性和白细胞破碎性血管炎。所有猪都有肺炎和全身性淋巴结肿大的宏观证据。显微镜下，它们在包括皮肤在内的各种组织中出现间质性肺炎和单核细胞血管周围套袖状浸润。在早期，通过免疫荧光在皮肤坏死血管内及其周围证实了免疫球蛋白和补体的存在。在急性和慢性病例中，通过免疫组织化学在受检组织（皮肤和肾脏）血管周围的巨噬细胞中检测到猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）病毒（PRRSV）抗原。通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应在所有猪的肺和脾匀浆中检测到PRRSV RNA。从11头猪的细胞培养物中分离出了PRRSV。这些发现表明，PRRSV感染可能在猪的这种系统性血管疾病的发病机制中起作用。
