Macaluso G M, Guerra P, Di Giovanni G, Boselli M, Parrino L, Terzano M G
Istituto di Clinica Odontoiatrica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Italy.
J Dent Res. 1998 Apr;77(4):565-73. doi: 10.1177/00220345980770040901.
There is evidence that sleep bruxism is an arousal-related phenomenon. In non-REM sleep, transient arousals recur at 20- to 40-second intervals and are organized according to a cyclic alternating pattern. Polysomnographic recordings from six subjects (two females and four males) affected by sleep bruxism (patients) and six healthy age-and gender-matched volunteers without complaints about sleep (controls) were analyzed to: (1) compare the sleep structure of bruxers with that of non-complaining subjects; and (2) investigate the relations between bruxism episodes and transient arousals. Patients and controls showed no significant differences in conventional sleep variables, but bruxers showed a significantly higher number of the transient arousals characterized by EEG desynchronization. Bruxism episodes were equally distributed between non-REM and REM sleep, but were more frequent in stages 1 and 2 (p < 0.0001) than in slow-wave sleep. The great majority of bruxism episodes detected in non-REM sleep (88%) were associated with the cyclic alternating pattern and always occurred during a transient arousal. Heart rate during the bruxism episodes (69.3+/-18.2) was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than that during the pre-bruxing period (58.1+/-15.9). Almost 80% of all bruxism episodes were associated with jerks at the anterior tibial muscles. The framework of the cyclic alternating pattern offers a unified interpretation for sleep bruxism and arousal-related phenomena.
有证据表明，睡眠磨牙症是一种与觉醒相关的现象。在非快速眼动睡眠中，短暂觉醒以20至40秒的间隔反复出现，并按照一种周期性交替模式进行组织。分析了6名受睡眠磨牙症影响的受试者（2名女性和4名男性，患者）以及6名年龄和性别匹配、无睡眠相关主诉的健康志愿者（对照组）的多导睡眠图记录，以：（1）比较磨牙者与无主诉受试者的睡眠结构；（2）研究磨牙发作与短暂觉醒之间的关系。患者和对照组在传统睡眠变量上无显著差异，但磨牙者脑电图去同步化特征的短暂觉醒数量显著更多。磨牙发作在非快速眼动睡眠和快速眼动睡眠中分布均匀，但在第1和第2阶段比慢波睡眠中更频繁（p<0.0001）。在非快速眼动睡眠中检测到的绝大多数磨牙发作（88%）与周期性交替模式相关，且总是发生在短暂觉醒期间。磨牙发作期间的心率（69.3±18.2）显著高于磨牙前阶段（58.1±15.9）（p<0.0001）。几乎所有磨牙发作的80%与胫前肌抽搐有关。周期性交替模式的框架为睡眠磨牙症和与觉醒相关的现象提供了统一的解释。
