Mast M E
Department of Nursing, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA.
Cancer Nurs. 1998 Apr;21(2):136-42. doi: 10.1097/00002820-199804000-00007.
The purpose of this report is to describe variables associated with fatigue for disease-free survivors of breast cancer. On the basis of Mishel's theory of illness uncertainty and the antecedents of uncertainty, a cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design was used to examine (a) the relationship of fatigue with cancer-related variables and the presence of concurrent illness and (b) whether fatigue and educational level explained a significant proportion of the variation in illness uncertainty. The Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS) and a single fatigue item on the McCorkle & Young Symptom Distress Scale were used as variable measures. Data were collected from 109 women 1 to 6 years after treatment for Stage I to III breast cancer with no known metastasis. Findings showed that low to moderate fatigue persisted for women, which was related significantly to the presence of concurrent illness. When concurrent illness was taken into account, fatigue was significantly related to treatment with chemotherapy, irrespective of length of time since treatment, age, disease stage, or tamoxifen use. Finally, fatigue and education level explained a significant level of the variation in illness uncertainty. Nurses can identify and assist women who are at risk for fatigue and illness uncertainty after treatment for breast cancer ends.
本报告旨在描述与乳腺癌无病生存者疲劳相关的变量。基于米舍尔的疾病不确定性理论及不确定性的前因，采用横断面、描述性、相关性设计来检验：（a）疲劳与癌症相关变量及并发疾病存在情况的关系；（b）疲劳和教育水平是否能解释疾病不确定性变异中的很大一部分。米舍尔疾病不确定性量表（MUIS）以及麦科克尔与杨症状困扰量表上的一个单一疲劳项目被用作变量测量指标。数据收集自109名接受I至III期乳腺癌治疗且无已知转移、治疗后1至6年的女性。研究结果显示，女性存在低至中度的持续性疲劳，这与并发疾病的存在显著相关。在考虑并发疾病的情况下，无论治疗后时间长短、年龄、疾病阶段或是否使用他莫昔芬，疲劳都与化疗治疗显著相关。最后，疲劳和教育水平解释了疾病不确定性变异中的显著水平。护士可以识别并帮助那些在乳腺癌治疗结束后有疲劳和疾病不确定性风险的女性。
