Maeshiro T, Kimura M
Department 6, ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories, 2-2 Hikaridai, Seika, Soraku, Kyoto, 619-0237 Japan.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Apr 28;95(9):5088-93. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.9.5088.
We propose that an essential factor on the origin of genetic codes is a balanced accomplishment of robustness and changeability, two antithetical, but fundamental, properties for the survival and evolution of organisms. These measures are defined as the intrinsic properties of genetic codes. An evaluation of these properties explains the structural regularity of genetic codes, estimates the order of codon reassignment in deviant codes, and predicts the most probable deviant codes that exist. The enumeration of genetic codes that could have evolved from the standard genetic code under the selection pressure on robustness and changeability strongly limits the freedom of codon reassignments. The codon reassignments of all currently known deviant genetic codes belong to this predicted evolutionary path, and they generally give the highest improvements on robustness and changeability.
我们提出,遗传密码起源的一个关键因素是稳健性和可变性的平衡实现,这是生物体生存和进化的两个相反但基本的特性。这些特性被定义为遗传密码的内在属性。对这些属性的评估解释了遗传密码的结构规律性,估计了异常密码中密码子重新分配的顺序,并预测了可能存在的最可能的异常密码。在稳健性和可变性的选择压力下,从标准遗传密码进化而来的遗传密码的列举极大地限制了密码子重新分配的自由度。所有目前已知的异常遗传密码的密码子重新分配都属于这一预测的进化路径,并且它们通常在稳健性和可变性方面有最高的提升。